Affective computing
Recognizing Facial Expressions in Image Sequences Using Local Parameterized Models of Image Motion
International Journal of Computer Vision
ECCV '98 Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Computer Vision-Volume II - Volume II
Recognizing Abruptly Changing Facial Expressions from Time-Sequential Face Images
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Active Appearance Models Revisited
International Journal of Computer Vision
A survey of affect recognition methods: audio, visual and spontaneous expressions
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Handbook of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Handbook of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
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In this study, we investigated expressive facial reactions in response to changes in the visual environment and their automatic extraction from sensors, in order to construct a comfortable level of illumination in personal living spaces. We conducted an experiment that showed that expressive facial reactions occur when illumination in the visual environment changes. We captured facial images and manually classified them as expressing or not expressing discomfort. We then conducted a second experiment that showed that automatic image processing can be used to extract and identify these expressive facial reactions. We extracted facial features and used a support vector machine to learn the classification in this experiment.