IC3 and beyond: incremental, inductive verification

  • Authors:
  • Aaron R. Bradley

  • Affiliations:
  • ECEE Department, University of Colorado, Boulder

  • Venue:
  • CAV'12 Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Computer Aided Verification
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

IC3, a SAT-based safety model checking algorithm introduced in 2010 [1, 2], is considered among the best safety model checkers. This tutorial discusses its essential ideas: the use of concrete states, called counterexamples to induction, to motivate lemma discovery; the incremental application of induction to generate the lemmas; and the use of stepwise assumptions to allow dynamic shifting between inductive lemma generation and propagation of lemmas as predicates.