Multimedia Systems - Special issue on audio and multimedia
Putting the feel in ’look and feel‘
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Multiple haptic targets for motion-impaired computer users
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Navigation with Auditory Cues in a Virtual Environment
IEEE MultiMedia
Haptic and sound grid for enhanced positioning in a 3-D virtual environment
HAID'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Haptic and audio interaction design
Audio makes a difference in haptic collaborative virtual environments
Interacting with Computers
Non visual haptic audio tools for virtual environments
HAID'06 Proceedings of the First international conference on Haptic and Audio Interaction Design
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The design and evaluation of a multimodal interface is presented in order to investigate how spatial audio and haptic feedback can be used to convey the navigational structure of a virtual environment. The non-visual 3D virtual environment is composed of a number of parallel planes with either horizontal or vertical orientations. The interface was evaluated using a target-finding task to explore how auditory feedback can be used in isolation or combined with haptic feedback for navigation. Twenty-three users were asked to locate targets using auditory feedback in the virtual structure across both horizontal and vertical orientations of the planes, with and without haptic feedback. Findings from the evaluation experiment reveal that users performed the task faster in the bi-modal conditions (with combined auditory and haptic feedback) with a horizontal orientation of the virtual planes.