Lessons from a failure: generating tailored smoking cessation letters
Artificial Intelligence
Creating persuasive technologies: an eight-step design process
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Persuasive Technology
Cheap and fast---but is it good?: evaluating non-expert annotations for natural language tasks
EMNLP '08 Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Argumentative human computer dialogue for automated persuasion
SIGdial '08 Proceedings of the 9th SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue
Generating shifting sentiment for a conversational agent
CAAGET '10 Proceedings of the NAACL HLT 2010 Workshop on Computational Approaches to Analysis and Generation of Emotion in Text
Towards empirical evaluation of affective tactical NLG
Empirical methods in natural language generation
Slanting existing text with Valentino
Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Divide and conquer: crowdsourcing the creation of cross-lingual textual entailment corpora
EMNLP '11 Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
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In recent years there has been a growing interest in crowdsourcing methodologies to be used in experimental research for NLP tasks. In particular, evaluation of systems and theories about persuasion is difficult to accommodate within existing frameworks. In this paper we present a new cheap and fast methodology that allows fast experiment building and evaluation with fully-automated analysis at a low cost. The central idea is exploiting existing commercial tools for advertising on the web, such as Google AdWords, to measure message impact in an ecological setting. The paper includes a description of the approach, tips for how to use AdWords for scientific research, and results of pilot experiments on the impact of affective text variations which confirm the effectiveness of the approach.