Heart rate variability: indicator of user state as an aid to human-computer interaction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
CoBuild '99 Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Cooperative Buildings, Integrating Information, Organization, and Architecture
Inside the Smart House
Foundations of human computing: facial expression and emotion
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
How emotion is made and measured
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
BYU-BYU-View: a wind communication interface
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 emerging technologies
Performing thrill: designing telemetry systems and spectator interfaces for amusement rides
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Brain-computer interfaces for hci and games
CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A review of smart homes-Present state and future challenges
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
The influence of implicit and explicit biofeedback in first-person shooter games
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
ExoBuilding: breathing life into architecture
Proceedings of the 6th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Extending Boundaries
Biofeedback game design: using direct and indirect physiological control to enhance game interaction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
AffectiView: mobile video camera application using physiological data
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia
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Our surroundings are becoming infused with sensors measuring a variety of data streams about the environment, people and objects. Such data can be used to make the spaces that we inhabit responsive and interactive. Personal data in its different forms are one important data stream that such spaces are designed to respond to. In turn, one stream of personal data currently attracting high levels of interest in the HCI community is physiological data (e.g., heart rate, electrodermal activity), but this has seen little consideration in building architecture or the design of responsive environments. In this context, we developed a prototype mapping a single occupant’s respiration to its size and form, while it also sonifies their heartbeat. The result is a breathing building prototype, formative trials of which suggested that it triggers behavioral and physiological adaptations in inhabitants without giving them instructions and it is perceived as a relaxing experience. In this paper, we present and discuss the results of a controlled study of this prototype, comparing three conditions: the static prototype, regular movement and sonification and a biofeedback condition, where the occupant’s physiological data directly drives the prototype and presents this data back to them. The study confirmed that the biofeedback condition does indeed trigger behavioral changes and changes in participants’ physiology, resulting in lower respiration rates as well as higher respiration amplitudes, respiration to heart rate coherence and lower frequency heart rate variability. Self-reported state of relaxation is more dependent on inhabitant preferences, their knowledge of physiological data and whether they found space to ‘let go’. We conclude with a discussion of ExoBuilding as an immersive but also sharable biofeedback training interface and the wider potential of this approach to making buildings adapt to their inhabitants.