Intelligence through simulated evolution: forty years of evolutionary programming
Intelligence through simulated evolution: forty years of evolutionary programming
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Genetic programming: a paradigm for genetically breeding populations of computer programs to solve problems
An analysis of the behavior of a class of genetic adaptive systems.
An analysis of the behavior of a class of genetic adaptive systems.
GSA: A Gravitational Search Algorithm
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Ant system: optimization by a colony of cooperating agents
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
Ray optimization for size and shape optimization of truss structures
Computers and Structures
A survey of non-gradient optimization methods in structural engineering
Advances in Engineering Software
Advances in Engineering Software
Advances in Engineering Software
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In this paper a new meta-heuristic method, so-called Ray Optimization, is developed. Similar to other multi-agent methods, Ray Optimization has a number of particles consisting of the variables of the problem. These agents are considered as rays of light. Based on the Snell's light refraction law when light travels from a lighter medium to a darker medium, it refracts and its direction changes. This behavior helps the agents to explore the search space in early stages of the optimization process and to make them converge in the final stages. This law is the main tool of the Ray Optimization algorithm.