Subtle emotional expressions of synthetic characters
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special issue: Subtle expressivity for characters and robots
Laughing out loud: control for modeling anatomically inspired laughter using audio
ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2008 papers
Laugh enhancer using laugh track synchronized with the user's laugh motion
CHI '10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Real-time expression of affect through respiration
Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds - CASA' 2010 Special Issue
A data-driven appearance model for human fatigue
SCA '11 Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
A phonetic analysis of natural laughter, for use in automatic laughter processing systems
ACII'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Affective computing and intelligent interaction - Volume Part I
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Laughter is a strong social signal in human-human and human-machine communication. However, very few attempts to model it exist. In this paper we discuss several challenges regarding the generation of laughs. We focus, more particularly, on two aspects a) modeling laughter with different intensities and b) modeling respiration behavior during laughter. Both of these models combine a data-driven approach with high-level animation control. Careful analysis and implementation of the synchronization mechanisms linking visual and respiratory cues has been undertaken. It allows us to reproduce the highly correlated multimodal signals of laughter on a 3D virtual agent.