CMOS sensors for on-line thermal monitoring of VLSI circuits
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
CMOS Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation, Second Edition
CMOS Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation, Second Edition
Precision Temperature Sensors in CMOS Technology (Analog Circuits and Signal Processing)
Precision Temperature Sensors in CMOS Technology (Analog Circuits and Signal Processing)
Mosfet Modeling for Vlsi Simulation: Theory And Practice (International Series on Advances in Solid State Electronics)
CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits Analysis & Design
CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits Analysis & Design
A 0.0018 mm2 frequency-to-digital-converter-based CMOS smart temperature sensor
Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
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This paper proposes six different CMOS-based temperature sensor topologies by exploiting temperature dependence of MOSFET's threshold voltage V"T, the carrier's mobility @m and the resistivity of n-well resistors. The proposed temperature sensors are designed for a wide temperature range of -100^oC to +120^oC and exhibit resolutions in the range of 0.04-0.448^oC along with readout sensitivities in the range of 0.37-1.83mV/^oC. For accuracy enhancement, automated single-point calibration is implemented for all topologies in conjunction with an off-chip reference temperature sensor. These calibrated temperature sensors exhibit measured inaccuracies between 0.2^oC and 1^oC for the proposed temperature range. These temperature sensors are designed in 0.25@mm TSMC 1P/5M process and are embedded in a 5mmx5mm imaging array readout IC to develop the thermal profile of the IC. The presented temperature sensors exhibit comparable performance metrics to state-of-the-art topologies in the literature with added advantage of a buffered output, which could be useful in case of a fast load drive and settling to implement faster control systems.