Multiple verification in complex biological systems: the bone remodelling case study

  • Authors:
  • Ezio Bartocci;Pietro Liò;Emanuela Merelli;Nicola Paoletti

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Austria;Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK;School of Science and Technology, Computer Science Division, University of Camerino, Italy;School of Science and Technology, Computer Science Division, University of Camerino, Italy

  • Venue:
  • Transactions on Computational Systems Biology XIV
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

We present a set of formal techniques and a methodology for a composite formal analysis at the tissue and organ level, focusing on the verification of quantitative properties in the process of bone remodelling. Starting from a differential equation model, we derive a stochastic model and a piecewise multi-affine approximation in order to perform model checking of stabilisation properties for the biological tissue, and to assess the differences between a regular remodelling activity and a defective activity typical of pathologies like osteoporosis. The complex nonlinear dynamics of bone remodelling is analysed with a variety of techniques: sensitivity analysis for the differential equation model; quantitative probabilistic model checking for the stochastic model; and classical model checking and parameter synthesis on the piecewise multi-affine model. Such analyses allow us to extract a wealth of information that is not only useful for a deeper understanding of the biological process but also towards medical diagnoses.