A channel access scheme for large dense packet radio networks
Conference proceedings on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Wireless sensor networks: a survey
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
HEED: A Hybrid, Energy-Efficient, Distributed Clustering Approach for Ad Hoc Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
A survey on wireless multimedia sensor networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Wireless sensor networks: A survey on the state of the art and the 802.15.4 and ZigBee standards
Computer Communications
Protocols and Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks
Protocols and Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks
Routing techniques in wireless sensor networks: a survey
IEEE Wireless Communications
An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
IEEE Communications Magazine
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While wireless sensor networks WSN are increasingly equipped to handle more complex functions, in-network processing still requires the battery-powered sensors to judiciously use their constrained energy so as to prolong the elective network life time. There are a few protocols using sensor clusters to coordinate the energy consumption in a WSN, but how to deal with energy heterogeneity remains a research question. The authors propose a modified clustering algorithm with a three-tier energy setting, where energy consumption among sensor nodes is adaptive to their energy levels. A theoretical analysis shows that the proposed modifications result in an extended network stability period. Simulation has been conducted to evaluate the new clustering algorithm against some existing algorithms under different energy heterogeneity settings, and favourable results are obtained especially when the energy levels are significantly imbalanced.