Designing and deploying an information awareness interface
CSCW '02 Proceedings of the 2002 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Improving Subjective Estimates Using Paired Comparisons
IEEE Software
Perception of Short Tactile Pulses Generated by a Vibration Motor in a Mobile Phone
WHC '05 Proceedings of the First Joint Eurohaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems
Haptic phonemes: basic building blocks of haptic communication
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Earpod: eyes-free menu selection using touch input and reactive audio feedback
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
New parameters for tacton design
CHI '07 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Perceived Magnitudes of Vibrations Transmitted Through Mobile Device
HAPTICS '08 Proceedings of the 2008 Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems
Towards identifying distinguishable tactons for use with mobile devices
Proceedings of the 11th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Mobile multi-actuator tactile displays
HAID'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Haptic and audio interaction design
Perceived Vibration Strength in Mobile Devices: The Effect of Weight and Frequency
IEEE Transactions on Haptics
Vibration perception and excitatory direction for haptic devices
Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing
Exploring user motivations for eyes-free interaction on mobile devices
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Evaluating multimodal driver displays of varying urgency
Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Using unconventional awareness mechanisms to support mobile work
Proceedings of the 2013 Chilean Conference on Human - Computer Interaction
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We conducted an experiment to understand how mobile phone users perceive the urgency of ten simple vibration alerts that were created from four basic signals: short on, short off, long on, and long off. The short and long signals correspond to 200 ms and 600 ms, respectively. To convey the level of urgency of notifications and help users prioritize them, the design of mobile phone vibration alerts should consider that the gap length preceding or succeeding a signal, the number of gaps in the vibration pattern, and the vibration's duration affect an alert's perceived level of urgency. Our study specifically shows that shorter gap lengths between vibrations (200 ms vs. 600 ms), a vibration pattern with one gap instead of two, and shorter vibration all contribute to making the user perceive the alert as more urgent.