A secure multidimensional point inclusion protocol
Proceedings of the 9th workshop on Multimedia & security
Unified Matrix Treatment of the Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform
IEEE Transactions on Computers
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PETS '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Privacy Enhancing Technologies
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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
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EUROCRYPT'99 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
Composite signal representation for fast and storage-efficient processing of encrypted signals
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Encrypted domain DCT based on homomorphic cryptosystems
EURASIP Journal on Information Security - Special issue on enhancing privacy protection in multimedia systems
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Proceedings of the 12th ACM workshop on Multimedia and security
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ICISC'09 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Information security and cryptology
MM '11 Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Fingercasting—Joint fingerprinting and decryption of broadcast messages
ACISP'06 Proceedings of the 11th Australasian conference on Information Security and Privacy
Watermarking security: theory and practice
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing - Part II
Lookup-Table-Based Secure Client-Side Embedding for Spread-Spectrum Watermarks
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
A buyer-seller watermarking protocol
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Privacy-Preserving ECG Classification With Branching Programs and Neural Networks
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
An efficient image homomorphic encryption scheme with small ciphertext expansion
Proceedings of the 21st ACM international conference on Multimedia
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How to embed and/or extract watermarks on encrypted images without being able to decrypt is a challenging problem. In this paper, we firstly discuss the implementation of Walsh-Hadamard transform (WHT) and its fast algorithm in the encrypted domain, which is particularly suitable for the applications in the encrypted domain for its transform matrix consists of only integers. Then by modifying the relations among the adjacent transform coefficients, we propose an WHT-based image watermarking algorithm in the encrypted domain. Due to the constrains of the encryption, extracting a watermark blindly from an encrypted image is not a easy task. However, our proposed algorithm possesses the characteristics of blind watermark extraction both in the decrypted domain and the encrypted domain. This means neither the plain image nor its encrypted version is required for the extraction. The experiments demonstrate the validity and the advantages of our proposed method.