Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Fast transparent migration for virtual machines
ATEC '05 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Live migration of virtual machines
NSDI'05 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 2
Live wide-area migration of virtual machines including local persistent state
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Virtual execution environments
Proactive fault tolerance for HPC with Xen virtualization
Proceedings of the 21st annual international conference on Supercomputing
VirtualPower: coordinated power management in virtualized enterprise systems
Proceedings of twenty-first ACM SIGOPS symposium on Operating systems principles
Comparison of the three CPU schedulers in Xen
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
At the forge: memcached integration in rails
Linux Journal
Post-copy based live virtual machine migration using adaptive pre-paging and dynamic self-ballooning
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments
SnowFlock: rapid virtual machine cloning for cloud computing
Proceedings of the 4th ACM European conference on Computer systems
An analysis of Linux scalability to many cores
OSDI'10 Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on Operating systems design and implementation
Evaluation of delta compression techniques for efficient live migration of large virtual machines
Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments
The design and evolution of live storage migration in VMware ESX
USENIXATC'11 Proceedings of the 2011 USENIX conference on USENIX annual technical conference
Scalable address spaces using RCU balanced trees
ASPLOS XVII Proceedings of the seventeenth international conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems
A quantitative study of virtual machine live migration
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM Cloud and Autonomic Computing Conference
HotSnap: a hot distributed snapshot system for virtual machine cluster
LISA'13 Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Large Installation System Administration
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Live VM migration is one of the major primitive operations to manage virtualized cloud platforms. Such operation is usually mission-critical and disruptive to the running services, and thus should be completed as fast as possible. Unfortunately, with the increasing amount of resources configured to a VM, such operations are becoming increasingly time-consuming. In this paper, we make a comprehensive analysis on the parallelization opportunities of live VM migration on two popular open-source VMMs (i.e., Xen and KVM). By leveraging abundant resources like CPU cores and NICs in contemporary server platforms, we design and implement a system called PMigrate that leverages data parallelism and pipeline parallelism to parallelize the operation. As the parallelization framework requires intensive mmap/munmap operations that tax the address space management system in an operating system, we further propose an abstraction called range lock, which improves scalability of concurrent mutation to the address space of an operating system (i.e., Linux) by selectively replacing the per-process address space lock inside kernel with dynamic and fine-grained range locks that exclude costly operations on the requesting address range from using the per-process lock. Evaluation with our working prototype on Xen and KVM shows that PMigrate accelerates the live VM migration ranging from 2.49X to 9.88X, and decreases the downtime ranging from 1.9X to 279.89X. Performance analysis shows that our integration of range lock to Linux significantly improves parallelism in mutating the address space in VM migration and thus boosts the performance ranging from 2.06X to 3.05X. We also show that PMigrate makes only small disruption to other co-hosted production VMs.