Future Generation Computer Systems
GECCO '05 Proceedings of the 7th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Information Processing Letters
Dynamic evolutionary optimisation: an analysis of frequency and magnitude of change
Proceedings of the 11th Annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Runtime analysis of an ant colony optimization algorithm for TSP instances
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Analysis of the (1+1) EA for a dynamically bitwise changing ONEMAX
GECCO'03 Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation: PartI
Ant Colony Optimization and the minimum spanning tree problem
Theoretical Computer Science
A few ants are enough: ACO with iteration-best update
Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Ant colony optimization and the minimum cut problem
Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Bioinspired Computation in Combinatorial Optimization: Algorithms and Their Computational Complexity
Bioinspired Computation in Combinatorial Optimization: Algorithms and Their Computational Complexity
Simplified Drift Analysis for Proving Lower Bounds in Evolutionary Computation
Algorithmica - Special Issue: Theory of Evolutionary Computation
Theory of Randomized Search Heuristics: Foundations and Recent Developments
Theory of Randomized Search Heuristics: Foundations and Recent Developments
Running time analysis of Ant Colony Optimization for shortest path problems
Journal of Discrete Algorithms
Ants easily solve stochastic shortest path problems
Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
ACO beats EA on a dynamic pseudo-boolean function
PPSN'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature - Volume Part I
Optimizing expected path lengths with ant colony optimization using fitness proportional update
Proceedings of the twelfth workshop on Foundations of genetic algorithms XII
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A simple ACO algorithm called λ-MMAS for dynamic variants of the single-destination shortest paths problem is studied by rigorous runtime analyses. Building upon previous results for the special case of 1-MMAS, it is studied to what extent an enlarged colony using $\lambda$ ants per vertex helps in tracking an oscillating optimum. It is shown that easy cases of oscillations can be tracked by a constant number of ants. However, the paper also identifies more involved oscillations that with overwhelming probability cannot be tracked with any polynomial-size colony. Finally, parameters of dynamic shortest-path problems which make the optimum difficult to track are discussed. Experiments illustrate theoretical findings and conjectures.