Bridging the paper and electronic worlds: the paper user interface
INTERCHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERCHI '93 conference on Human factors in computing systems
A comparison of reading paper and on-line documents
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
Cartography and geographic information systems as semiotic systems: a comparative analysis
Proceedings of the 8th ACM international symposium on Advances in geographic information systems
Internet GIS: Distributed Geographic Information Services for the Internet and Wireless Networks
Internet GIS: Distributed Geographic Information Services for the Internet and Wireless Networks
Cognitive Requirements on Making and Interpreting Maps
COSIT '97 Proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Information Theory: A Theoretical Basis for GIS
Paper augmented digital documents
Proceedings of the 16th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Documents at Hand: Learning from Paper to Improve Digital Technologies
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A comparative study of map use
CHI '06 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Usability measurement and metrics: A consolidated model
Software Quality Control
Interaction Design: Beyond Human Computer Interaction
Interaction Design: Beyond Human Computer Interaction
The use of paper in everyday student life
Proceedings of the 10th International Conference NZ Chapter of the ACM's Special Interest Group on Human-Computer Interaction
Methods for Evaluating Interactive Information Retrieval Systems with Users
Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval
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Paper has been the format of choice for disseminating geographic information for millennia; however the arrival of the internet and mobile technologies has created new modes of map consumption. This paper investigates the future role of paper mapping in a society where access to online digital mapping is freely available. The research consists of an online survey to investigate how people use and view online/digital and paper maps, together with a task-based user study to investigate the suitability of each map format for a variety of given tasks. Similar to previous research, we categorize participants into two groups (experts and non-experts/novices) based on their level of geographic skill. Results demonstrate that geographic knowledge and the context of use clearly relate to preference of map format. As geographic skill increases, there is a greater preference for paper maps; non-experts prefer online/digital maps. Also, paper is the preferred medium for planning and executing navigation on foot across all groups. Overall, results suggest that paper maps are here to stay for the foreseeable future and remain the preferred choice for some in the digital age.