The Uncanny Valley: Effect of Realism on the Impression of Artificial Human Faces
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Sensitivity to the proportions of faces that vary in human likeness
Computers in Human Behavior
Too real for comfort? Uncanny responses to computer generated faces
Computers in Human Behavior
Investigating the role of body shape on the perception of emotion
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
AAAI'05 Proceedings of the 20th national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 4
The saliency of anomalies in animated human characters
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2012 Conference Proceedings
Visual and emotional salience influence eye movements
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
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Animated characters are frequently used in television programs, movies, and video games, but relatively little is known about how their characteristics affect attention and viewer opinions. We used eyetracking and questionnaires to examine the role of visual complexity and animation style on viewing patterns and ratings of video-recorded and animated movie clips. We created videos of an actress performing and describing a series of actions with blocks. Of the videos, one set included regular HD recordings of the actress. The remaining video sets were animated using motion capture data from that actress for three characters: realistic, cartoon, and robot. Increased facial looking time correlated with unpleasantness ratings for individual characters and clips, determining that animation styles have an effect on both viewing patterns and audience members' subjective opinions of characters. In addition, the method described in this paper can expand future research on character animation.