Improved algebraic fault analysis: a case study on piccolo and applications to other lightweight block ciphers

Authors:
Fan Zhang;Xinjie Zhao;Shize Guo;Tao Wang;Zhijie Shi
Affiliations:
University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut;Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,The Institute of North Electronic Equipment, Beijing, China;The Institute of North Electronic Equipment, Beijing, China;Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China;University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
Venue:
COSADE'13 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Constructive Side-Channel Analysis and Secure Design
Year:
2013

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Abstract

This paper proposes some techniques to improve algebraic fault analysis (AFA). First, we show that building the equation set for the decryption of a cipher can accelerate the solving procedure. Second, we propose a method to represent the injected faults with algebraic equations when the accurate fault location is unknown. We take Piccolo as an example to illustrate our AFA and compare it with differential fault analysis (DFA). Only one fault injection is required to break Piccolo with the improved AFA. Finally, we extend the proposed AFA to other lightweight block ciphers, such as MIBS, LED, and DES. For the first time, the full secret key of DES can be recovered with only a single fault injection.