The Rickel Gaze Model: A Window on the Mind of a Virtual Human
IVA '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Copying behaviour of expressive motion
MIRAGE'07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer vision/computer graphics collaboration techniques
Rational communication and affordable natural language interaction for ambient environments
IWSDS'10 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Spoken dialogue systems for ambient environments
Entrainment in speech preceding backchannels
HLT '11 Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies: short papers - Volume 2
Pointing gestures and synchronous communication management
COST'09 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Development of Multimodal Interfaces: active Listening and Synchrony
Gaze and turn-taking behavior in casual conversational interactions
ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS) - Special issue on interaction with smart objects, Special section on eye gaze and conversation
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Human interactions are predominantly conducted via verbal communication which allows presentation of sophisticated propositional content. However, much of the interpretation of the utterances and the speaker's attitudes are conveyed using multimodal cues such as facial expressions, hand gestures, head movements and body posture. This paper reports some observations on multimodal communication and feedback giving activity in first encounter interactions, and discusses how head, hand, and body movements are used in conversational interactions as means ofvisual interaction management, i.e. unobtrusive ways to control the interaction and construct shared understanding among the interlocutors. The observations and results contribute to the models for coordinating communication in human-human conversations as well as in interactions between humans and intelligent situated agents.