Modified Quadratic Discriminant Functions and the Application to Chinese Character Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Off-Line, Handwritten Numeral Recognition by Perturbation Method
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Handwritten Character Classification Using Nearest Neighbor in Large Databases
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Pattern Recognition System with Top-Down Process of Mental Rotation
IWANN '99 Proceedings of the International Work-Conference on Artificial and Natural Neural Networks: Foundations and Tools for Neural Modeling
Two On-Line Japanese Character Databases in Unipen Format
ICDAR '01 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition: Alternatives to Nonlinear Normalization
ICDAR '03 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 1
Online Recognition of Chinese Characters: The State-of-the-Art
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Collection of on-line handwritten Japanese character pattern databases and their analyses
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition
ICDAR '09 Proceedings of the 2009 10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
ICDAR '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
ICDAR '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
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This paper presents effects of a large amount of training patterns artificially generated to train an on-line handwritten Japanese character recognizer, which is based on the Markov Random Field model. In general, the more training patterns, the higher the recognition accuracy. In reality, however, the existing pattern samples are not enough, especially for languages with large sets of characters, for which a higher number of parameters needs to be adjusted. We use six types of linear distortion models and combine them among themselves and with a non-linear distortion model to generate a large amount of artificial patterns. These models are based on several geometry transform models, which are considered to simulate distortions in real handwriting. We apply these models to the TUAT Nakayosi database and expand its volume by up to 300 times while evaluating the notable effect of the TUAT Kuchibue database for improving recognition accuracy. The effect is analyzed for subgroups in the character set and a significant effect is observed for Kanji, ideographic characters of Chinese origin. This paper also considers the order of linear and non-linear distortion models and the strategy to select patterns in the original database from patterns close to character class models to those away from them or vice versa. For this consideration, we merge the Nakayosi and Kuchibue databases. We take 100 patterns existed in the merged database to form the testing set, while the remaining samples to form the training set. For the order, linear then non-linear distortions produce higher recognition accuracy. For the strategy, selecting patterns away from character class models to those close to them produce higher accuracy.