ASAP: An Adaptive Sampling Approach to Data Collection in Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Adaptive decentralized re-clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks
Journal of Computer and System Sciences
Energy efficiency analysis of a chain-based scheme via intra-grid for wireless sensor networks
Computer Communications
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
BeeSensor: An energy-efficient and scalable routing protocol for wireless sensor networks
Information Sciences: an International Journal
An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Data gathering mechanism with local sink in geographic routing for wireless sensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
IEEE Communications Magazine
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A wireless sensor network (WSN) is composed of sensor nodes whose energy is battery-powered. Therefore, the energy is limited. This paper aims to improve the energy efficiency of sensor nodes in order to extend the lifetime of WSNs. In this paper, we propose four new hierarchical clustering topology architectures: random cluster head and sub-cluster head (RCHSCH), random cluster head and max energy sub-cluster head (RCHMESCH), random cluster head and sub-cluster head with sleep mode (RCHSCHSM) and random cluster head and max energy sub-cluster head with sleep mode (RCHMESCHSM). Our proposed architectures involve three-layers and are based on low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) architecture. Notably, RCHSCH can improve upon cluster head death within the LEACH architecture. In addition, we develop a sleep mode for sensor nodes based on correlations among sensor data within sub-clusters in RCHSCHSM. Thus, we can reduce the energy consumption of the sensor node and increase energy efficiency. From the simulation results, our proposed RCHSCH, RCHMESCH, RCHSCHSM and RCHMESCHSM architectures perform better than the LEACH architecture in terms of initial node death, the number of nodes alive and total residual energy. Furthermore, we find the performance of RCHMESCHSM architecture to be optimal in the set of all available architectures.