ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Scale and performance in the Denali isolation kernel
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review - OSDI '02: Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
virtio: towards a de-facto standard for virtual I/O devices
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review - Research and developments in the Linux kernel
Bridging the gap between software and hardware techniques for I/O virtualization
ATC'08 USENIX 2008 Annual Technical Conference on Annual Technical Conference
Achieving 10 Gb/s using safe and transparent network interface virtualization
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments
RouteBricks: exploiting parallelism to scale software routers
Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles
PacketShader: a GPU-accelerated software router
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2010 conference
Is it still possible to extend TCP?
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement conference
vPF_RING: towards wire-speed network monitoring using virtual machines
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement conference
Design and implementation of a consolidated middlebox architecture
NSDI'12 Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
On multi---gigabit packet capturing with multi---core commodity hardware
PAM'12 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Passive and Active Measurement
Multi-resource fair queueing for packet processing
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2012 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Making middleboxes someone else's problem: network processing as a cloud service
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2012 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Netmap: a novel framework for fast packet I/O
USENIX ATC'12 Proceedings of the 2012 USENIX conference on Annual Technical Conference
Software techniques for avoiding hardware virtualization exits
USENIX ATC'12 Proceedings of the 2012 USENIX conference on Annual Technical Conference
Wire-speed statistical classification of network traffic on commodity hardware
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM conference on Internet measurement conference
VALE, a switched ethernet for virtual machines
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies
Unikernels: library operating systems for the cloud
Proceedings of the eighteenth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Enabling fast, dynamic network processing with clickOS
Proceedings of the second ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Hot topics in software defined networking
Hyper-switch: a scalable software virtual switching architecture
USENIX ATC'13 Proceedings of the 2013 USENIX conference on Annual Technical Conference
Efficient and scalable paravirtual I/O system
USENIX ATC'13 Proceedings of the 2013 USENIX conference on Annual Technical Conference
vTurbo: accelerating virtual machine I/O processing using designated turbo-sliced core
USENIX ATC'13 Proceedings of the 2013 USENIX conference on Annual Technical Conference
Speeding up packet I/O in virtual machines
ANCS '13 Proceedings of the ninth ACM/IEEE symposium on Architectures for networking and communications systems
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Over the years middleboxes have become a fundamental part of today's networks. Despite their usefulness, they come with a number of problems, many of which arise from the fact that they are hardware-based: they are costly, difficult to manage, and their functionality is hard or impossible to change, to name a few. To address these issues, there is a recent trend towards network function virtualization (NFV), in essence proposing to turn these middleboxes into software-based, virtualized entities. Towards this goal we introduce ClickOS, a high-performance, virtualized software middlebox platform. ClickOS virtual machines are small (5MB), boot quickly (about 30 milliseconds), add little delay (45 microseconds) and over one hundred of them can be concurrently run while saturating a 10Gb pipe on a commodity server. We further implement a wide range of middleboxes including a firewall, a carrier-grade NAT and a load balancer and show that ClickOS can handle packets in the millions per second.