An algorithm to align words for historical comparison

  • Authors:
  • Michael A. Covington

  • Affiliations:
  • The University of Georgia

  • Venue:
  • Computational Linguistics
  • Year:
  • 1996

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Abstract

The first step in applying the comparative method to a pair of words suspected of being cognate is to align the segments of each word that appear to correspond. Finding the right alignment may require searching. For example, Latin dō 'I give' lines up with the middle dō in Greek didōmi, not the initial di.This paper presents an algorithm for finding probably correct alignments on the basis of phonetic similarity. The algorithm consists of an evaluation metric and a guided search procedure. The search algorithm can be extended to implement special handling of metathesis, assimilation, or other phenomena that require looking ahead in the string, and can return any number of alignments that meet some criterion of goodness, not just the one best. It can serve as a front end to computer implementations of the comparative method.