Pavlov: an interface builder for designing animated interfaces

  • Authors:
  • David Wolber

  • Affiliations:
  • Univ. of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA

  • Venue:
  • ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
  • Year:
  • 1997

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Abstract

Conventional interface builders provide little support for interactive development of interfaces with application-specific graphics. Some Programming by Demonstration (PBD) systems do provide such support, but none provide full support for demonstrating interfaces, such as those in games, in which the graphics are animated. This article proposes a number of techniques for creating animated interfaces, all of which have been included in an exploratory system, Pavlov. Many of the techniques are based on the addition of timing controls to a form of PBD called stimulus-response demonstration. Others are based on an adaptation of a traditional animation time-line that integrates end-user interaction with animation. The article also evaluates Pavlov with (1) a comparison to other PBD systems in terms of the behaviors that can be specified interactively and (2) a report on an informal user study comparing development in Pavlov to development in a conventional interface builder.