Object Matching Using Deformable Templates
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Using Generative Models for Handwritten Digit Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Shape Matching Using LAT and its Application to Handwritten Numeral Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Classification with Nonmetric Distances: Image Retrieval and Class Representation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Handwritten Chinese Radical Recognition Using Nonlinear Active Shape Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Deformable Template Matching within a Bayesian Framework for Hand-Written Graphic Symbol Recognition
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
Spatial Representation of Dissimilarity Data via Lower-Complexity Linear and Nonlinear Mappings
Proceedings of the Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition
ICDAR '03 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 1
ICDAR '03 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 1
A generalized kernel approach to dissimilarity-based classification
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Fast k-Nearest Neighbor Classification Using Cluster-Based Trees
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Multi-template GAT Correlation for Character Recognition with a Limited Quantity of Data
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Prototype selection for dissimilarity-based classifiers
Pattern Recognition
Fuzzy technique based recognition of handwritten characters
Image and Vision Computing
On learning with dissimilarity functions
Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Machine learning
Theory and algorithm for learning with dissimilarity functions
Neural Computation
Noise-robust binary segmentation based on ant colony system and modified fuzzy C-means algorithm
CEC'09 Proceedings of the Eleventh conference on Congress on Evolutionary Computation
Similarity-based classification of sequences using hidden Markov models
Pattern Recognition
Similarity-based clustering of sequences using hidden Markov models
MLDM'03 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Machine learning and data mining in pattern recognition
Handwritten character recognition through two-stage foreground sub-sampling
Pattern Recognition
Non-Euclidean dissimilarities: causes and informativeness
SSPR&SPR'10 Proceedings of the 2010 joint IAPR international conference on Structural, syntactic, and statistical pattern recognition
Spherical embedding and classification
SSPR&SPR'10 Proceedings of the 2010 joint IAPR international conference on Structural, syntactic, and statistical pattern recognition
Fuzzy technique based recognition of handwritten characters
WILF'03 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Fuzzy Logic and Applications
On fast non-metric similarity search by metric access methods
EDBT'06 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Advances in Database Technology
A robust approach to digit recognition in noisy environments
IEA/AIE'12 Proceedings of the 25th international conference on Industrial Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems: advanced research in applied artificial intelligence
HBF49 feature set: A first unified baseline for online symbol recognition
Pattern Recognition
On the informativeness of asymmetric dissimilarities
SIMBAD'13 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Similarity-Based Pattern Recognition
k-NN classification of handwritten characters via accelerated GAT correlation
Pattern Recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
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We investigate the application of deformable templates to recognition of handprinted digits. Two characters are matched by deforming the contour of one to fit the edge strengths of the other, and a dissimilarity measure is derived from the amount of deformation needed, the goodness of fit of the edges, and the interior overlap between the deformed shapes. Classification using the minimum dissimilarity results in recognition rates up to 99.25 percent on a 2,000 character subset of NIST Special Database 1. Additional experiments on an independent test data were done to demonstrate the robustness of this method. Multidimensional scaling is also applied to the 2,000 脳 2,000 proximity matrix, using the dissimilarity measure as a distance, to embed the patterns as points in low-dimensional spaces. A nearest neighbor classifier is applied to the resulting pattern matrices. The classification accuracies obtained in the derived feature space demonstrate that there does exist a good low-dimensional representation space. Methods to reduce the computational requirements, the primary limiting factor of this method, are discussed.