Simulations of three adaptive, decentralized controlled, job scheduling algorithms
Computer Networks and ISDN Systems
Adaptive load sharing in homogeneous distributed systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Distributed Scheduling of Tasks with Deadlines and Resource Requirements
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Load Sharing in Distributed Real-Time Systems with State-Change Broadcasts
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Tracking long-term growth of the NSFNET
Communications of the ACM
Computer Networks and ISDN Systems
Web server workload characterization: the search for invariants
Proceedings of the 1996 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Self-similarity in World Wide Web traffic: evidence and possible causes
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
In search of reliable usage data on the WWW
Selected papers from the sixth international conference on World Wide Web
WWW Traffic Reduction and Load Balancing through Server-Based Caching
IEEE Parallel & Distributed Technology: Systems & Technology
A taxonomy of scheduling in general-purpose distributed computing systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Adaptive Location Policies for Global Scheduling
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Enhancing the Web's Infrastructure: From Caching to Replication
IEEE Internet Computing
SWEB: Towards a Scalable World Wide Web Server on Multicomputers
IPPS '96 Proceedings of the 10th International Parallel Processing Symposium
Efficient State Estimators for Load Control Policies in Scalable Web Server Clusters
COMPSAC '98 Proceedings of the 22nd International Computer Software and Applications Conference
A scalable and highly available web server
COMPCON '96 Proceedings of the 41st IEEE International Computer Conference
A distributed web server and its performance analysis on multiple platforms
ICDCS '96 Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS '96)
Dynamic Load Balancing in Geographically Distributed Heterogeneous Web Servers
ICDCS '98 Proceedings of the The 18th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Characteristics of WWW Client-based Traces
Characteristics of WWW Client-based Traces
World Wide Web: whence, whither, what next?
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
Scheduling optimization for resource-intensive Web requests on server clusters
Proceedings of the eleventh annual ACM symposium on Parallel algorithms and architectures
Analytic modeling of load balancing policies for tasks with heavy-tailed distributions
Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on Software and performance
Realizing fault resilience in Web-server cluster
Proceedings of the 2000 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
A client-aware dispatching algorithm for web clusters providing multiple services
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on World Wide Web
The state of the art in locally distributed Web-server systems
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Performance study of dispatching algorithms in multi-tier web architectures
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
QoS-based Architectures for Geographically Replicated Web Servers
Cluster Computing
Replication for Load Balancing and Hot-Spot Relief on Proxy Web Caches with Hash Routing
Distributed and Parallel Databases
Dynamic Load Balancing on Web-Server Systems
IEEE Internet Computing
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Workload Characterization Issues and Methodologies
Performance Evaluation: Origins and Directions
A Precise and Efficient Evaluation of the Proximity Between Web Clients and Their Local DNS Servers
ATEC '02 Proceedings of the General Track of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Techniques for Achieving High Performance Web Servers
ICPP '00 Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2000 International Conference on Parallel Processing
ICPP '00 Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2000 International Conference on Parallel Processing
Design and Evaluation of Redistribution Strategies for Wide-Area Commodity Distribution
ICDCS '01 Proceedings of the The 21st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Optimal Hash Routing for Web Proxies
ICDCS '01 Proceedings of the The 21st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Experiences with an object-level scalable web framework
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Class-Dependent Assignment in cluster-based servers
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM symposium on Applied computing
Dynamic traffic controls for web-server networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Adaptive hash routing for a cluster of client-side web proxies
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Workload-Aware Load Balancing for Clustered Web Servers
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Approximate Algorithms for Document Placement in Distributed Web Servers
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Load balancing for parallel forwarding
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Replication for Adaptive Responsiveness in Service-Oriented Systems
QSIC '05 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Quality Software
Deferred Assignment Scheduling in Cluster-Based Servers
Cluster Computing
Web servers under overload: How scheduling can help
ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT)
Task assignment with work-conserving migration
Parallel Computing
Optimal server allocations for streaming multimedia applications on the internet
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
System support for scalable, reliable and highly manageable web hosting service
USITS'01 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 3
Efficient support for content-based routing in web server clusters
USITS'99 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 2
An SSL Back-End Forwarding Scheme in Cluster-Based Web Servers
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
An architecture for virtual organization (VO)-based effective peering of content delivery networks
Proceedings of the second workshop on Use of P2P, GRID and agents for the development of content networks
An extended ns-2 for validation of load balancing algorithms in Content Delivery Networks
Proceedings of the 3rd International ICST Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques
A distributed framework of web-based telemedicine system
CBMS'03 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE conference on Computer-based medical systems
A high-availability webserver cluster using multiple front-ends
CIS'04 Proceedings of the First international conference on Computational and Information Science
Neural network hot spot prediction algorithm for shared web caching system
APWeb'05 Proceedings of the 7th Asia-Pacific web conference on Web Technologies Research and Development
Balancing HTTP traffic using dynamically updated weights, an implementation approach
PCI'05 Proceedings of the 10th Panhellenic conference on Advances in Informatics
Adaptive load balancing mechanism for server cluster
ICCSA'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Computational Science and Its Applications - Volume Part IV
Enabling fault resilience for web services
Computer Communications
A distributed control law for load balancing in content delivery networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
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A distributed multiserver Web site can provide the scalability necessary to keep up with growing client demand at popular sites. Load balancing of these distributed Web-server systems, consisting of multiple, homogeneous Web servers for document retrieval and a Domain Name Server (DNS) for address resolution, opens interesting new problems. In this paper, we investigate the effects of using a more active DNS which, as an atypical centralized scheduler, applies some scheduling strategy in routing the requests to the most suitable Web server. Unlike traditional parallel/distributed systems in which a centralized scheduler has full control of the system, the DNS controls only a very small fraction of the requests reaching the multiserver Web site. This peculiarity, especially in the presence of highly skewed load, makes it very difficult to achieve acceptable load balancing and avoid overloading some Web servers.This paper adapts traditional scheduling algorithms to the DNS, proposes new policies, and examines their impact under different scenarios. Extensive simulation results show the advantage of strategies that make scheduling decisions on the basis of the domain that originates the client requests and limited server state information (e.g., whether a server is overloaded or not). An initially unexpected result is that using detailed server information, especially based on history, does not seem useful in predicting the future load and can often lead to degraded performance.