Measuring perceived quality of speech and video in multimedia conferencing applications
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This paper presents an experiment comparing the relative impact of different types of degradation on subjective quality ratings of interactive speech transmitted over packet-switched networks. The experiment was inspired by observations made during a large-scale, long-term field trial of multicast conferencing. We observed that user reports of unsatisfactory speech quality were rarely due to network effects such as packet loss and jitter. A subsequent analysis of conference recordings found that in most cases, the impairment was caused by end-system hardware, equipment setup or user behavior. The results from the experiment confirm that the effects of volume differences, echo and bad microphones are rated worse than the level of packet loss most users are likely to experience on the Internet today, provided that a simple repair mechanism is used. Consequently, anyone designing or deploying network speech applications and services ought to consider the addition of diagnostics and tutorials to ensure acceptable speech quality.