Preemptive scheduling under time and resource constraints
IEEE Transactions on Computers - Special Issue on Real-Time Systems
General Schedulers for the Pinwheel Problem Based on Double-Integer Reduction
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprogramming in a Hard-Real-Time Environment
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Real-time communication in FieldBus multiaccess networks
RTAS '95 Proceedings of the Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium
Distributed pinwheel scheduling with end-to-end timing constraints
RTSS '95 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
A polynomial-time optimal synchronous bandwidth allocation scheme for the timed-token MAC protocol
INFOCOM '95 Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communication Societies (Vol. 2)-Volume - Volume 2
End-to-end scheduling to meet deadlines in distributed systems
End-to-end scheduling to meet deadlines in distributed systems
IPDPS '02 Proceedings of the 16th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium
IPDPS '02 Proceedings of the 16th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium
Branch-and-bound task allocation with task clustering-based pruning
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Hi-index | 14.98 |
Real-time distributed applications have timing constraints on tasks running on several processors. To design real-time systems with end-to-end performance requirements, we need to have algorithms to schedule and to coordinate tasks on different processor nodes. In this paper, an end-to-end scheduling approach based on the pinwheel scheduling model is presented for distributed real-time systems. We show how tasks on different nodes may be transformed to have periods consisting of only harmonic numbers. With harmonic periods, we can use a polynomial-time algorithm to find the start and finish times of each task on each node. Phase alignment algorithms are then applied to adjust the phases between schedules of neighboring nodes so that the overall end-to-end delay is minimized. Using the distributed pinwheel model, schedules on different nodes are synchronized to lessen the delays. For many real-time systems, this approach provides a predictable performance and a short end-to-end delay.