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Supercomputing '95 Proceedings of the 1995 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
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ICIC '08 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Intelligent Computing: Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications - with Aspects of Artificial Intelligence
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SEAL '08 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning
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Computers & Mathematics with Applications
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ACAL '09 Proceedings of the 4th Australian Conference on Artificial Life: Borrowing from Biology
LSMS'07 Proceedings of the Life system modeling and simulation 2007 international conference on Bio-Inspired computational intelligence and applications
ICNC'09 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Natural computation
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Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
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Computers in Biology and Medicine
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ICIC'11 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Computing: bio-inspired computing and applications
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The extremal dynamics of the Bak-Sneppen model can be converted into an optimization algorithm called extremal optimization. Attractive features of the model include the following: it is straightforward to relate the sum of all fitnesses to the cost function of the system; in the self-organized critical state to which the system inevitably evolves, almost all species have a much better than random fitness; most species preserve a good fitness for long times unless they are connected to poorly adapted species, providing the system with a long memory; the system retains a potential for large, hill-climbing fluctuations at any stage; and the model accomplishes these features without any control parameters