Dynamic I/O power management for hard real-time systems

  • Authors:
  • Vishnu Swaminathan;Krishnendu Chakrabarty;S. S. Iyengar

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC;Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC;Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA

  • Venue:
  • Proceedings of the ninth international symposium on Hardware/software codesign
  • Year:
  • 2001

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Abstract

Power consumption is an important design parameter for embedded and portable systems. Software-controlled (or dynamic) power management (DPM) has recently emerged as an attractive alternative to inflexible hardware solutions. DPM for hard real-time systems has received relatively little attention. In particular, energy-driven I/O device scheduling for real-time systems has not been considered before. We present the first online DPM algorithm, which we call Low Energy Device Scheduler (LEDES), for hard real-time systems. LEDES takes as inputs a predetermined task schedule and a device-usage list for each task and it generates a sequence of sleep/working states for each device. It guarantees that real-time constraints are not violated and it also minimizes the energy consumed by the I/O devices used by the task set. LEDES is energy-optimal under the constraint that the start times of the tasks are fixed. We present a case study to show that LEDES can reduce energy consumption by almost 50%.