Alpha architecture reference manual
Alpha architecture reference manual
Digital Technical Journal - Special 10th anniversary issue
Code generation and analysis for the functional verification of micro processors
DAC '96 Proceedings of the 33rd annual Design Automation Conference
DAC '98 Proceedings of the 35th annual Design Automation Conference
Functional test generation based on word-level SAT
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
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This paper presents the strategy used to verify the error logic in the Alpha 21364 microprocessor. Traditional pre-silicon strategies of focused testing or unit-level random testing yield limited results in finding complex bugs in the error handling logic of a microprocessor. This paper introduces a technique to simulate error conditions and their recovery in a global environment using random test stimulus closely approximating traffic found in a real system. A significant number of bugs were found using this technique. A majority of these bugs could not be uncovered using a simple random environment, or were counter-intuitive to focused test design.