Reducing I/O demand in video-on-demand storage servers
Proceedings of the 1995 ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Dynamic batching policies for an on-demand video server
Multimedia Systems
On optimal piggyback merging policies for video-on-demand systems
Proceedings of the 1996 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Skyscraper broadcasting: a new broadcasting scheme for metropolitan video-on-demand systems
SIGCOMM '97 Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '97 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Patching: a multicast technique for true video-on-demand services
MULTIMEDIA '98 Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Zero-delay broadcasting protocols for video-on-demand
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 1)
Optimal and efficient merging schedules for video-on-demand servers
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 1)
An efficient bandwidth-sharing technique for true video on demand systems
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 1)
Competitive on-line stream merging algorithms for media-on-demand
SODA '01 Proceedings of the twelfth annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms
Analysis of educational media server workloads
NOSSDAV '01 Proceedings of the 11th international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video
Scalable on-demand media streaming with packet loss recovery
Proceedings of the 2001 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
The Split and Merge Protocol for Interactive Video-on-Demand
IEEE MultiMedia
Minimizing Bandwidth Requirements for On-Demand Data Delivery
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Efficient Broadcasting Protocols for Video on Demand
MASCOTS '98 Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems
An Efficient Implementation of Interactive Video-on-Demand
MASCOTS '00 Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems
Supplying Instantaneous Video-on-Demand Services Using Controlled Multicast
ICMCS '99 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 2
A Low Bandwidth Broadcasting Protocol for Video on Demand
IC3N '98 Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks
A Permutation-Based Pyramid Broadcasting Scheme for Video-on-Demand Systems
ICMCS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems
Video-on-Demand Server Efficiency through Stream Tapping
IC3N '97 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks
Providing Unrestricted VCR Functions in Multicast Video-on-Demand Servers
ICMCS '98 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems
Measurement and analysis of a streaming-media workload
USITS'01 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 3
Performance model of interactive video-on-demand systems
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
The use of multicast delivery to provide a scalable and interactive video-on-demand service
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Delimiting the range of effectiveness of scalable on-demand streaming
Performance Evaluation
Performance Issues of Multimedia Applications
Performance Evaluation of Complex Systems: Techniques and Tools, Performance 2002, Tutorial Lectures
Analyzing client interactivity in streaming media
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on World Wide Web
Circus: Opportunistic Block Reordering for Scalable Content Servers
FAST '04 Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
Distributed prefetching scheme for random seek support in peer-to-peer streaming applications
Proceedings of the ACM workshop on Advances in peer-to-peer multimedia streaming
Scalable media streaming to interactive users
Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
A hierarchical characterization of a live streaming media workload
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Network bandwidth requirements for optimized streaming media transmission to interactive users
WebMedia '06 Proceedings of the 12th Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the web
Rethinking FTP: Aggressive block reordering for large file transfers
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Circus: opportunistic block reordering for scalable content servers
FAST'04 Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX conference on File and storage technologies
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To serve asynchronous requests using multicast, two categories of techniques---stream merging and periodic broadcasting---have been proposed. For sequential streaming access, where requests are uninterrupted from the beginning to the end of an object, these techniques are highly scalable: the required server bandwidth for stream merging grows logarithmically as request arrival rate, and the required server bandwidth for periodic broadcasting varies logarithmically as the inverse of start-up delay. A sequential access model, however, is inappropriate to model partial requests and client interactivity observed in various streaming access workloads. This paper analytically and experimentally studies the scalability of multicast delivery under a non-sequential access model where requests start at random points in the object. We show that the required server bandwidth for any protocol providing immediate service grows at least as the square root of request arrival rate, and the required server bandwidth for any protocol providing delayed service grows linearly with the inverse of start-up delay. We also investigate the impact of limited client receiving bandwidth on scalability. We optimize practical protocols which provide immediate service to non-sequential requests. The protocols utilize limited client receiving bandwidth, and they are near-optimal in that the required server bandwidth is very close to its lower bound.