Software—Practice & Experience
An incremental constraint solver
Communications of the ACM
Incremental constraint satisfaction in logic programming
Logic programming
A general framework for visualizing abstract objects and relations
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Building visual language parsers
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Equate: an object-oriented constraint solver
OOPSLA '91 Conference proceedings on Object-oriented programming systems, languages, and applications
A linear constraint technology for interactive graphic systems
Proceedings of the conference on Graphics interface '92
Some paradigms for visualizing parallel execution of logic programs
ICLP'93 Proceedings of the tenth international conference on logic programming on Logic programming
Towards generalized visualization support for logic programming
ICLP'93 Proceedings of the tenth international conference on logic programming on Logic programming
Constraint-based reasoning
The rectangle placement language
DAC '84 Proceedings of the 21st Design Automation Conference
Interactive Authoring of Multimedia Documents
VL '96 Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages
The TeXbook
Modeling constraint-based negotiating agents
Decision Support Systems - Special issue: Decision support systems: Directions for the next decade
Constraint-Based Facial Animation
Constraints
Template coding with LDS and applications of LDS in EDA
Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing
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Visualization is valuable in monitoring and debuggingprograms. The goal of the Wand research project at the Universityof Saskatchewan is to provide both a framework and tools forrapid development of visualization aids for logic programminglanguages. The ICOLA (Incremental Constraint-based ObjectLayout Algorithm) system is the newest graphics facility withinWand. ICOLA positions graphical objects according to objectdeclarations and constraints specifying relative positional relationshipsamong the objects. Three important features of ICOLA are thatit is capable of creating reasonable pictures from highly under-constrainedspecifications, it uses an incremental constraint solution algorithmand hence generates those pictures efficiently, and it supportsincremental (i.e. progressive) insertions and deletions of objectsand constraints. The ability of the incremental algorithm tosupport such deletions is particularly noteworthy. This paperdescribes: PDI, the language supported by ICOLA; the incrementalconstraint solution algorithm itself; a successful implementationin Prolog and C; and results of a performance evaluation of theimplementation.