Constraint satisfaction in logic programming
Constraint satisfaction in logic programming
Performance-driven facial animation
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Inkwell: A 2-D animation system
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Interactive spacetime control for animation
SIGGRAPH '92 Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
ILPS '94 Proceedings of the 1994 International Symposium on Logic programming
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Analysis, interpretation and synthesis of facial expressions
Analysis, interpretation and synthesis of facial expressions
Indigo: a local propagation algorithm for inequality constraints
Proceedings of the 9th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Computer facial animation
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Newton—constraint programming over nonlinear constraints
Science of Computer Programming - Special issue on concurrent constraint programming
MidiSpace: a temporal constraint-based music spatializer
MULTIMEDIA '98 Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on Multimedia
The essence of constraint propagation
Theoretical Computer Science
Fast animation and control of nonrigid structures
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Musical Harmonization with Constraints: A Survey
Constraints
Real Time Responsive Animation with Personality
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Analysis and Synthesis of Facial Image Sequences Using Physical and Anatomical Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
CP '95 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming
Modeling, Tracking and Interactive Animation of Faces and Heads Using Input from Video
CA '96 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
Integrating 2 1/2-D Computer Animation Techniques for Supporting Traditional Animation
CA '96 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
User-Controlled Physics-Based Animation for Articulated Figures
CA '96 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
From brows to trust
The Behavior Markup Language: Recent Developments and Challenges
IVA '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Style learning and transferring for facial animation editing
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Modeling Emotional Expressions as Sequences of Behaviors
IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Presenting in style by virtual humans
COST 2102'07 Proceedings of the 2007 COST action 2102 international conference on Verbal and nonverbal communication behaviours
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Constraints have beentraditionally used for computer animation applications to defineside conditions for generating synthesized motion according toa standard, usually physically realistic, set of motion equations.The case of facial animation is very different, as no set ofmotion equations for facial expressions is available. In thispaper we discuss a facial animation editor, which uses numericalconstraints for two roles: to declare the mimic repertoire ofsynthetic faces and other requirements a facial animation hasto meet, and to aid the animator in the process of composinga specific animation fulfilling the requirements. The editoris thus also a ``motion sculpturing'' tool, which lifts the taskof creating facial animation from the control data manipulationlevel to the conceptual design level. The major aid of the editoris to repair inconsistencies due to changes made by the user,and revise changes for which no good repair is possible. Also,reuse of constrained animations, especially expressions, is supported.The main machinery behind these services is interval propagation,which, if using certain type of linear inequalities to expressthe character- as well as the animation-specific requirements,can produce quickly the interval of feasible values for eachcontrol variable. If a solution (usually, repair) has to be produced,it is generated by selecting the best one from a restricted setof acceptable solutions, based on user-defined or automaticallygenerated criteria for the choices.