A muscle model for animation three-dimensional facial expression
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Real-time manipulation of texture-mapped surfaces
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '81 Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A parametric model for human faces.
A parametric model for human faces.
A structural model of the human face (graphics, animation, object representation)
A structural model of the human face (graphics, animation, object representation)
Generalized implicit functions for computer graphics
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
CONDOR: constraint-based dataflow
SIGGRAPH '92 Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Efficient techniques for interactive texture placement
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
3D position, attitude and shape input using video tracking of hands and lips
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An automatic lip-synchronization algorithm for synthetic faces
MULTIMEDIA '94 Proceedings of the second ACM international conference on Multimedia
Of mice and monkeys: a specialized input device for virtual body animation
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Realistic modeling for facial animation
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Task-Specific Gesture Analysis in Real-Time Using Interpolated Views
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Synthesizing realistic facial expressions from photographs
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
NPAR '00 Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
Performance-driven hand-drawn animation
NPAR '00 Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
Acquiring the reflectance field of a human face
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Animation from observation: Motion capture and motion editing
ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics
Expressive expression mapping with ratio images
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An integrated framework for face modeling, facial motion analysis and synthesis
MULTIMEDIA '01 Proceedings of the ninth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Animated deformations with radial basis functions
VRST '00 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Controlled animation of video sprites
Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Model-based reconstruction for creature animation
Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Constraint-Based Facial Animation
Constraints
International Journal of Computer Vision
Modeling and Animating Realistic Faces from Images
International Journal of Computer Vision
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Analysis and Synthesis of Facial Image Sequences Using Physical and Anatomical Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Acquiring 3-D Models from Sequences of Contours
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Facial Animation by Synthesis of Captured and Artificial Data
CAPTECH '98 Proceedings of the International Workshop on Modelling and Motion Capture Techniques for Virtual Environments
Bézier Volume Deformation Model for Facial Animation and Video Tracking
CAPTECH '98 Proceedings of the International Workshop on Modelling and Motion Capture Techniques for Virtual Environments
Anatomy-based 3D facial modeling for expression animation
Machine Graphics & Vision International Journal
Applying visual curve tracking to graphics
CA '95 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
3D Measurement Technologies for Computer Animation
CA '96 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
Modeling, Tracking and Interactive Animation of Faces and Heads Using Input from Video
CA '96 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
An example-based approach for facial expression cloning
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Geometry-driven photorealistic facial expression synthesis
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Vision-based control of 3D facial animation
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
The ALIVE system: wireless, full-body interaction with autonomous agents
Multimedia Systems - Special issue on multimedia and multisensory virtual worlds
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Photo-realistic conversation agent
Integrated image and graphics technologies
Surface detail capturing for realistic facial animation
Journal of Computer Science and Technology - Special issue on computer graphics and computer-aided design
Creating Speech-Synchronized Animation
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Automatic determination of facial muscle activations from sparse motion capture marker data
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
Face transfer with multilinear models
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
Psychophysical evaluation of animated facial expressions
APGV '05 Proceedings of the 2nd symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization
Geometry-Driven Photorealistic Facial Expression Synthesis
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Accurate Visible Speech Synthesis Based on Concatenating Variable Length Motion Capture Data
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Animating blendshape faces by cross-mapping motion capture data
I3D '06 Proceedings of the 2006 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games
Semantic 3D motion retargeting for facial animation
APGV '06 Proceedings of the 3rd symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization
Visual blending using 2D morphing
SPPRA'06 Proceedings of the 24th IASTED international conference on Signal processing, pattern recognition, and applications
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
Playable universal capture: compression and real-time sequencing of image-based facial animation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
Synthesizing realistic facial expressions from photographs
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
Analysis and synthesis of facial expressions with hand-generated muscle actuation basis
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
An example-based approach for facial expression cloning
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
Face transfer with multilinear models
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
Performance-driven hand-drawn animation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
SIGGRAPH '05 ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Courses
Synthesizing realistic facial expressions from photographs
SIGGRAPH '05 ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Courses
SIGGRAPH '05 ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Courses
Analysis and synthesis of facial expressions with hand-generated muscle actuation basis
SIGGRAPH '05 ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Courses
Facial animation in a nutshell: past, present and future
SAICSIT '06 Proceedings of the 2006 annual research conference of the South African institute of computer scientists and information technologists on IT research in developing countries
eFASE: expressive facial animation synthesis and editing with phoneme-isomap controls
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Simulating speech with a physics-based facial muscle model
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Physically based facial expression synthesizer with performance analysis and GPU-aided simulation
Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Game research and development
Hierarchical Facial Data Modeling for Visual Expression Synthesis
Journal of Visualization
Psychophysical investigation of facial expressions using computer animated faces
Proceedings of the 4th symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization
Dynamic, expressive speech animation from a single mesh
SCA '07 Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Multi-scale capture of facial geometry and motion
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers
Post-production facial performance relighting using reflectance transfer
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers
Evaluating the perceptual realism of animated facial expressions
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Synergy of Lip-Motion and Acoustic Features in Biometric Speech and Speaker Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australia and Southeast Asia
Real-time expression cloning using appearance models
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Facial performance synthesis using deformation-driven polynomial displacement maps
ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2008 papers
Motion in Games
Face/Off: live facial puppetry
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Perceptually guided expressive facial animation
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Technical section: A kinematic-variational model for animating skin with wrinkles
Computers and Graphics
Eye synthesis using the eye curve model
Image and Vision Computing
A facial expression parameterization by elastic surface model
International Journal of Computer Games Technology
Example-based performance driven facial shape animation
ICME'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Multimedia and Expo
Anatomy-based face reconstruction for animation using multi-layer deformation
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
Re-mapping animation parameters between multiple types of facial model
MIRAGE'07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer vision/computer graphics collaboration techniques
Realistic facial modeling and animation based on high resolution capture
ACIVS'07 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Advanced concepts for intelligent vision systems
High resolution passive facial performance capture
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers
Perception of linear and nonlinear motion properties using a FACS validated 3D facial model
Proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization
Reflecting user faces in avatars
IVA'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Markerless reconstruction and synthesis of dynamic facial expressions
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Gamer's facial cloning for online interactive games
International Journal of Computer Games Technology - Special issue on cyber games and interactive entertainment
Expression flow for 3D-aware face component transfer
ACM SIGGRAPH 2011 papers
Leveraging motion capture and 3D scanning for high-fidelity facial performance acquisition
ACM SIGGRAPH 2011 papers
High-quality passive facial performance capture using anchor frames
ACM SIGGRAPH 2011 papers
Realtime performance-based facial animation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2011 papers
Expression transfer for facial sketch animation
Signal Processing
Real-time facial animation from live video tracking
SCA '11 Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Proceedings of the 2011 SIGGRAPH Asia Conference
Artist friendly facial animation retargeting
Proceedings of the 2011 SIGGRAPH Asia Conference
Automatic head and facial feature extraction based on geometry variations
Computer-Aided Design
Real-Time facial expression mapping for high resolution 3d meshes
CGI'06 Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Advances in Computer Graphics
3D game engine for real-time facial animation
AI'05 Proceedings of the 18th Australian Joint conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Real-Time expression mapping with ratio image
ICESS'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Embedded Software and Systems
Spacetime expression cloning for blendshapes
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
A fast individual face modeling and facial animation system
Edutainment'06 Proceedings of the First international conference on Technologies for E-Learning and Digital Entertainment
Data-driven facial expression synthesis via Laplacian deformation
Multimedia Tools and Applications
A realistic dynamic facial expression transfer method
Neurocomputing
Facial feature extraction and applications: a review
ACIIDS'12 Proceedings of the 4th Asian conference on Intelligent Information and Database Systems - Volume Part I
Data-driven simulation methods in computer graphics: cloth, tissue and faces
ACM SIGGRAPH 2012 Courses
Lightweight binocular facial performance capture under uncontrolled lighting
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2012
Animatable facial reflectance fields
EGSR'04 Proceedings of the Fifteenth Eurographics conference on Rendering Techniques
Online expression mapping for performance-driven facial animation
ICEC'07 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Entertainment Computing
Dynamic units of visual speech
EUROSCA'12 Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGGRAPH / Eurographics conference on Computer Animation
Dynamic units of visual speech
Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
3D shape regression for real-time facial animation
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2013 Conference Proceedings
Realtime facial animation with on-the-fly correctives
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2013 Conference Proceedings
High fidelity facial animation capture and retargeting with contours
Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Reconstructing detailed dynamic face geometry from monocular video
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
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As computer graphics technique rises to the challenge of rendering lifelike performers, more lifelike performance is required. The techniques used to animate robots, arthropods, and suits of armor, have been extended to flexible surfaces of fur and flesh. Physical models of muscle and skin have been devised. But more complex databases and sophisticated physical modeling do not directly address the performance problem. The gestures and expressions of a human actor are not the solution to a dynamic system. This paper describes a means of acquiring the expressions of real faces, and applying them to computer-generated faces. Such an "electronic mask" offers a means for the traditional talents of actors to be flexibly incorporated in digital animations. Efforts in a similar spirit have resulted in servo-controlled "animatrons," high-technology puppets, and CG puppetry [1]. The manner in which the skills of actors and puppetteers as well as animators are accommodated in such systems may point the way for a more general incorporation of human nuance into our emerging computer media.The ensuing description is divided into two major subjects: the construction of a highly-resoved human head model with photographic texture mapping, and the concept demonstration of a system to animate this model by tracking and applying the expressions of a human performer.