A muscle model for animation three-dimensional facial expression
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Performance-driven facial animation
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Realistic modeling for facial animation
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Simulating facial surgery using finite element models
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Synthesizing realistic facial expressions from photographs
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Head shop: generating animated head models with anatomical structure
Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
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ACM '72 Proceedings of the ACM annual conference - Volume 1
Geometry-based muscle modeling for facial animation
GRIN'01 No description on Graphics interface 2001
Facial Deformations for MPEG-4
CA '98 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
Improvements on a Simple Muscle-Based 3D Face for Realistic Facial Expressions
CASA '03 Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents (CASA 2003)
SIGGRAPH '81 Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Geometry-driven photorealistic facial expression synthesis
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Realistic human face rendering for "The Matrix Reloaded"
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Sketches & Applications
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Sketches & Applications
A Versatile and Robust Model for Geometrically Complex Deformable Solids
CGI '04 Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International
Creating and Simulating Skeletal Muscle from the Visible Human Data Set
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Automatic determination of facial muscle activations from sparse motion capture marker data
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
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The performance analysis of a physically-based facial expression synthesizer with a novel algorithm for designing parametric muscle model is described. The facial expression synthesizer is partitioned into four general activities: construction of volumetric soft tissue layer, design of underlying volumetric facial musculature, ensemble of muscles to synthesize the facial expression and an efficient and stable numerical integration for dynamic skin deformation. We present techniques for analyzing the performance of facial expression systems in general and in particular the performance for various stages in our system. We also highlight potential improvements in performance that is possible using the powerful GPUs.