Efficient local search for very large-scale satisfiability problems
ACM SIGART Bulletin
Minimizing conflicts: a heuristic repair method for constraint satisfaction and scheduling problems
Artificial Intelligence - Special volume on constraint-based reasoning
A continuous approach to inductive inference
Mathematical Programming: Series A and B
Optimal speedup of Las Vegas algorithms
Information Processing Letters
Noise strategies for improving local search
AAAI '94 Proceedings of the twelfth national conference on Artificial intelligence (vol. 1)
Phase transitions and the search problem
Artificial Intelligence - Special volume on frontiers in problem solving: phase transitions and complexity
Experimental results on the crossover point in random 3-SAT
Artificial Intelligence - Special volume on frontiers in problem solving: phase transitions and complexity
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Journal of Experimental Algorithmics (JEA)
Boosting combinatorial search through randomization
AAAI '98/IAAI '98 Proceedings of the fifteenth national/tenth conference on Artificial intelligence/Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
On the run-time behaviour of stochastic local search algorithms for SAT
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Towards a characterisation of the behaviour of stochastic local search algorithms for SAT
Artificial Intelligence
A machine program for theorem-proving
Communications of the ACM
Cliques, Coloring, and Satisfiability: Second DIMACS Implementation Challenge, Workshop, October 11-13, 1993
PPSN V Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature
SAT-Encodings, Search Space Structure, and Local Search Performance
IJCAI '99 Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
KI '97 Proceedings of the 21st Annual German Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Stochastic Local Search: Foundations & Applications
Stochastic Local Search: Foundations & Applications
When gravity fails: local search topology
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Performance test of local search algorithms using new types of random CNF formulas
IJCAI'95 Proceedings of the 14th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Pushing the envelope: planning, propositional logic, and stochastic search
AAAI'96 Proceedings of the thirteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
Problem structure in the presence of perturbations
AAAI'97/IAAI'97 Proceedings of the fourteenth national conference on artificial intelligence and ninth conference on Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
AAAI'97/IAAI'97 Proceedings of the fourteenth national conference on artificial intelligence and ninth conference on Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
AAAI'97/IAAI'97 Proceedings of the fourteenth national conference on artificial intelligence and ninth conference on Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Evidence for invariants in local search
AAAI'97/IAAI'97 Proceedings of the fourteenth national conference on artificial intelligence and ninth conference on Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Summarizing CSP hardness with continuous probability distributions
AAAI'97/IAAI'97 Proceedings of the fourteenth national conference on artificial intelligence and ninth conference on Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Adding new clauses for faster local search
AAAI'96 Proceedings of the thirteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Weighting for godot: learning heuristics for GSAT
AAAI'96 Proceedings of the thirteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
A graph-based method for improving GSAT
AAAI'96 Proceedings of the thirteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Tuning local search for satisfiability testing
AAAI'96 Proceedings of the thirteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Evaluating las vegas algorithms: pitfalls and remedies
UAI'98 Proceedings of the Fourteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
SAT Local Search Algorithms: Worst-Case Study
Journal of Automated Reasoning
Characterizing Markov Decision Processes
ECML '02 Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Machine Learning
Towards Local Search for Answer Sets
ICLP '02 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Logic Programming
Meta-heuristics: The State of the Art
ECAI '00 Proceedings of the Workshop on Local Search for Planning and Scheduling-Revised Papers
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CP '01 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming
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CP '01 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming
CP '02 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming
Scaling and Probabilistic Smoothing: Efficient Dynamic Local Search for SAT
CP '02 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming
Systematic vs. Local Search for SAT
KI '99 Proceedings of the 23rd Annual German Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Automated discovery of composite SAT variable-selection heuristics
Eighteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence
An adaptive noise mechanism for walkSAT
Eighteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence
A mixture-model for the behaviour of SLS algorithms for SAT
Eighteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence
Worst-case study of local search for MAX-k-SAT
Discrete Applied Mathematics - The renesse issue on satisfiability
Analyzing the Performance of Generalized Hill Climbing Algorithms
Journal of Heuristics
On SAT Instance Classes and a Method for Reliable Performance Experiments with SAT Solvers
Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence
UnitWalk: A New SAT Solver that Uses Local Search Guided by Unit Clause Elimination
Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence
A GRASP algorithm to solve the unicost set covering problem
Computers and Operations Research
Regular-SAT: A many-valued approach to solving combinatorial problems
Discrete Applied Mathematics
An ant algorithm for static and dynamic MAX-SAT problems
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Bio inspired models of network, information and computing systems
Understanding the role of noise in stochastic local search: Analysis and experiments
Artificial Intelligence
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Evolutionary Computation
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ICANNGA '07 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Adaptive and Natural Computing Algorithms, Part I
ADMA '08 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications
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HAIS '08 Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Systems
Improving Variable Selection Process in Stochastic Local Search for Propositional Satisfiability
SAT '09 Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing
The exponentiated subgradient algorithm for heuristic Boolean programming
IJCAI'01 Proceedings of the 17th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Massively parallel evolution of SAT heuristics
CEC'09 Proceedings of the Eleventh conference on Congress on Evolutionary Computation
Scaling and probabilistic smoothing: dynamic local search for unweighted MAX-SAT
AI'03 Proceedings of the 16th Canadian society for computational studies of intelligence conference on Advances in artificial intelligence
A hybrid ILS heuristic to the referee assignment problem with an embedded MIP strategy
HM'07 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Hybrid metaheuristics
Speeding-up non-clausal local search for propositional satisfiability with clause learning
SAT'08 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Theory and applications of satisfiability testing
An Approach for Solving Large SAT Problems on FPGA
ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems (TRETS)
Algorithm selection as a bandit problem with unbounded losses
LION'10 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Learning and intelligent optimization
Journal of Automated Reasoning
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IEA/AIE'10 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Industrial engineering and other applications of applied intelligent systems - Volume Part II
Local search with edge weighting and configuration checking heuristics for minimum vertex cover
Artificial Intelligence
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FroCoS'11 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Frontiers of combining systems
Impact of censored sampling on the performance of restart strategies
CP'06 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming
Applying constraint satisfaction techniques to 3d camera control
AI'04 Proceedings of the 17th Australian joint conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Improved local search for circuit satisfiability
SAT'10 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing
Improving parallel local search for SAT
LION'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Learning and Intelligent Optimization
Evolutionary algorithms for the project scheduling problem: runtime analysis and improved design
Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
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LION'12 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Learning and Intelligent Optimization
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Proceedings of the Symposium on Computational Aesthetics
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Artificial Intelligence
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Local search algorithms are among the standard methods for solving hard combinatorial problems from various areas of artificial intelligence and operations research. For SAT, some of the most successful and powerful algorithms are based on stochastic local search, and in the past 10 years a large number of such algorithms have been proposed and investigated. In this article, we focus on two particularly well-known families of local search algorithms for SAT, the GSAT and WalkSAT architectures. We present a detailed comparative analysis of these algorithms" performance using a benchmark set that contains instances from randomized distributions as well as SAT-encoded problems from various domains. We also investigate the robustness of the observed performance characteristics as algorithm-dependent and problem-dependent parameters are changed. Our empirical analysis gives a very detailed picture of the algorithms" performance for various domains of SAT problems; it also reveals a fundamental weakness in some of the best-performing algorithms and shows how this can be overcome.