Computer graphics: principles and practice (2nd ed.)
Computer graphics: principles and practice (2nd ed.)
Synthesizing continuous-tone caricatures
Image and Vision Computing
Metamagical Themas: Questing for the Essence of Mind and Pattern
Metamagical Themas: Questing for the Essence of Mind and Pattern
Learning to Recognize Faces from Examples
ECCV '92 Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Computer Vision
Performance-driven hand-drawn animation
NPAR '00 Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
The Quotient Image: Class-Based Re-Rendering and Recognition with Varying Illuminations
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Polymorph: Morphing Among Multiple Images
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Prototyping and Transforming Facial Textures for Perception Research
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Toward Automatic Simulation of Aging Effects on Face Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Performance-driven hand-drawn animation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
Sorting-based localization and stable computation of zeros of a polynomial. II
Cybernetics and Systems Analysis
Comparative evaluation of automatic age-progression methodologies
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
A neural network based approach to the artificial aging of facial images
AI'03 Proceedings of the 16th Canadian society for computational studies of intelligence conference on Advances in artificial intelligence
Face aging by sparse representation
PCM'10 Proceedings of the Advances in multimedia information processing, and 11th Pacific Rim conference on Multimedia: Part II
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Extraction and manipulation of wrinkles and spots for facial image synthesis
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Comprehending and transferring facial expressions based on statistical shape and texture models
CGI'06 Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Advances in Computer Graphics
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Human faces are perceived to differ along many dimensions. Some dimensions can be defined by objectively different categories such as old/young or male/female but others reflect more subjective categories such as attractive/unattractive and happy/sad. In this paper we explain a technique for determining the consistent (or "prototypic") visual characteristics (shape and color) of a category of faces. We describe a method for evaluating and visualizing the extent to which prototypes differ. Information derived from prototypes can be used to reconstruct a plausibly colored image of an individual's face originally recorded in black and white. Information from pairs of prototypes can also be used to define shape and color transformations which allow individual face images to be moved in appearance along quantifiable dimensions in "face space." A given face image can thus be made to look older or younger, more or less masculine/feminine, etc. Transformation performed in a given direction can be made either interpolating between two prototypes (e.g. making a male face less masculine) or as an extrapolation beyond the prototype (e.g. enhancing the masculinity of a male face). Although the processing has been developed to analyze and manipulate face images the same principles can be applied to other visually homogeneous classes.