An Automatic Circuit Diagram Reader with Loop-Structure-Based Symbol Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence - Special Issue on Industrial Machine Vision and Computer Vision Technology:8MPart
A syntactic geometric approach to recognition of dimensions in engineering machine drawings
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
Engineering drawing processing and vectorization system
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
Knowledge-Directed Interpretation of Mechanical Engineering Drawings
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Interpretation of telephone system manhole drawings
Pattern Recognition Letters
Perfecting vectorized mechanical drawings
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
MARCO: MAp Retrieval by COntent
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
On-Line Recognition of Handwritten Symbols
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Recognition of handwritten musical notes by a modified Neocognitron
Machine Vision and Applications
Applying algebraic and differential invariants for logo recognition
Machine Vision and Applications
A protocol for performance evaluation of line detection algorithms
Machine Vision and Applications - Special issue on performance evaluation
A System for Recognizing a Large Class of Engineering Drawings
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Sparse Pixel Vectorization: An Algorithm and Its Performance Evaluation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Empirical Performance Evaluation of Graphics Recognition Systems
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Statistical Pattern Recognition: A Review
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Architectural symbol recognition using a network of constraints
Pattern Recognition Letters
A System for Interpretation of Line Drawings
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Automatic Learning and Recognition of Graphical Symbols in Engineering Drawings
Selected Papers from the First International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Methods and Applications
Knowledge-Based Segmentation for Automatic Map Interpretation
Selected Papers from the First International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Methods and Applications
Verification-Based Approach for Automated Text and Feature Extraction from Raster-Scanned Maps
Selected Papers from the First International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Methods and Applications
General Diagram-Recognition Methodologies
Selected Papers from the First International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Methods and Applications
Logo Recognition by Recursive Neural Networks
GREC '97 Selected Papers from the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Algorithms and Systems
Graphic Symbol Recognition: An Overview
GREC '97 Selected Papers from the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Algorithms and Systems
A String Based Method to Recognize Symbols and Structural Textures in Architectural Plans
GREC '97 Selected Papers from the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Algorithms and Systems
The Second International Graphics Recognition Contest - Raster to Vector Conversion: A Report
GREC '97 Selected Papers from the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Algorithms and Systems
Stable and Robust Vectorization: How to Make the Right Choices
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
A Simple Approach to Recognise Geometric Shapes Interactively
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
Combination of Invariant Pattern Recognition Primitives on Technical Documents
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
A Symbol Classifier Able to Reject Wrong Shapes for Document Recognition Systems
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
A Structural Representation Adapted to Handwritten Symbol Recognition
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
Engineering Drawing Database Retrieval Using Statistical Pattern Spotting Techniques
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
User Interfaces for On-Line Diagram Recognition
GREC '01 Selected Papers from the Fourth International Workshop on Graphics Recognition Algorithms and Applications
Knowledge-Based Recognition of Crosshatched Areas in Engineering Drawings
SSPR '98/SPR '98 Proceedings of the Joint IAPR International Workshops on Advances in Pattern Recognition
Prototyping Structural Descriptions: An Inductive Learning Approach
SSPR '98/SPR '98 Proceedings of the Joint IAPR International Workshops on Advances in Pattern Recognition
Research Advances in Graphics Recognition: An Update
BSDIA '97 Proceedings of the First Brazilian Symposium on Advances in Document Image Analysis
Logo and Word Matching Using a General Approach to Signal Registration
ICDAR '97 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
A Neural-Based Architecture for Spot-Noisy Logo Recognition
ICDAR '97 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
ICDAR '97 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
A Proposed Scheme for Performance Evaluation of Graphics/Text Separation Algorithms
GREC '97 Selected Papers from the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Algorithms and Systems
Synthesis of Representative Graphical Symbols by Computing Generalized Median Graph
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
Recognition of objects in images of paper based line drawings
ICDAR '95 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (Volume 2) - Volume 2
Automatic understanding of symbol-connected diagrams
ICDAR '95 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (Volume 2) - Volume 2
ICDAR '99 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
A Hough-Based Method for Hatched Pattern Detection in Maps and Diagrams
ICDAR '99 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
A Prototype System for interpreting Hand-Sketched Floor Plans
ICPR '96 Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR '96) Volume III-Volume 7276 - Volume 7276
A System for Efficient and Roust Map Symbol Recognition
ICPR '96 Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR '96) Volume III-Volume 7276 - Volume 7276
Using Negative Shape Features for Logo Similarity Matching
ICPR '98 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition-Volume 1 - Volume 1
Learning of Structural Descriptions of Graphic Symbols Using Deformable Template Matching
ICDAR '01 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
A Graph Grammar to Recognize Textured Symbols
ICDAR '01 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
ICPR '00 Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 4
Performance Evaluation of Line Drawing Recognition Systems
ICPR '00 Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 4
A Statistical and Structural Approach for Symbol Recognition, Using XML Modelling
Proceedings of the Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition
Graphics Recognition - from Re-engineering to Retrieval
ICDAR '03 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 1
ICDAR '03 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 2
A model for image generation and symbol recognition through the deformation of lineal shapes
Pattern Recognition Letters
An efficient graph-based recognizer for hand-drawn symbols
Computers and Graphics
Handwritten Symbol Recognition by a Boosted Blurred Shape Model with Error Correction
IbPRIA '07 Proceedings of the 3rd Iberian conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis, Part I
Hand Drawn Symbol Recognition by Blurred Shape Model Descriptor and a Multiclass Classifier
Graphics Recognition. Recent Advances and New Opportunities
Old Handwritten Musical Symbol Classification by a Dynamic Time Warping Based Method
Graphics Recognition. Recent Advances and New Opportunities
ARG Based on Arcs and Segments to Improve the Symbol Recognition by Genetic Algorithm
Graphics Recognition. Recent Advances and New Opportunities
Representing and Parsing Sketched Symbols Using Adjacency Grammars and a Grid-Directed Parser
Graphics Recognition. Recent Advances and New Opportunities
Report on the Third Contest on Symbol Recognition
Graphics Recognition. Recent Advances and New Opportunities
Selection of Suitable Set of Decision Rules Using Choquet Integral
SSPR & SPR '08 Proceedings of the 2008 Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition
Blurred Shape Model for binary and grey-level symbol recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
Multi-class binary object categorization using Blurred shape models
CIARP'07 Proceedings of the Congress on pattern recognition 12th Iberoamerican conference on Progress in pattern recognition, image analysis and applications
IAMonDo-database: an online handwritten document database with non-uniform contents
DAS '10 Proceedings of the 9th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems
Fuzzy intervals for designing structural signature: an application to graphic symbol recognition
GREC'09 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Graphics recognition: achievements, challenges, and evolution
SSP: sketching slide presentations, a syntactic approach
GREC'09 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Graphics recognition: achievements, challenges, and evolution
GREC'09 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Graphics recognition: achievements, challenges, and evolution
Segmentation of colour layers in historical maps based on hierarchical colour sampling
GREC'09 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Graphics recognition: achievements, challenges, and evolution
A fast technique for vectorization of engineering drawings using morphology and digital straightness
Proceedings of the Seventh Indian Conference on Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing
Spectral median graphs applied to graphical symbol recognition
CIARP'06 Proceedings of the 11th Iberoamerican conference on Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis and Applications
GREC'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Graphics Recognition: ten Years Review and Future Perspectives
Symbol spotting in technical drawings using vectorial signatures
GREC'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Graphics Recognition: ten Years Review and Future Perspectives
Database-driven mathematical character recognition
GREC'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Graphics Recognition: ten Years Review and Future Perspectives
Symbol recognition using spatial relations
Pattern Recognition Letters
Graphical knowledge management in graphics recognition systems
GbRPR'05 Proceedings of the 5th IAPR international conference on Graph-Based Representations in Pattern Recognition
A few steps towards on-the-fly symbol recognition with relevance feedback
DAS'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Document Analysis Systems
A non-rigid appearance model for shape description and recognition
Pattern Recognition
An efficient graph-based symbol recognizer
SBM'06 Proceedings of the Third Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Automatic interpretation of proofreading sketches
SBM'06 Proceedings of the Third Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
A symbol spotting approach in graphical documents by hashing serialized graphs
Pattern Recognition
Report on the symbol recognition and spotting contest
GREC'11 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Graphics Recognition: new trends and challenges
Spatio-structural symbol description with statistical feature add-on
GREC'11 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Graphics Recognition: new trends and challenges
A parts-based multi-scale method for symbol recognition
GREC'11 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Graphics Recognition: new trends and challenges
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The recognition of symbols in graphic documents is an intensive research activity in the community of pattern recognition and document analysis. A key issue in the interpretation of maps, engineering drawings, diagrams, etc. is the recognition of domain dependent symbols according to a symbol database. In this work we first review the most outstanding symbol recognition methods from two different points of view: application domains and pattern recognition methods. In the second part of the paper, open and unaddressed problems involved in symbol recognition are described, analyzing their current state of art and discussing future research challenges. Thus, issues such as symbol representation, matching, segmentation, learning, scalability of recognition methods and performance evaluation are addressed in this work. Finally, we discuss the perspectives of symbol recognition concerning to new paradigms such as user interfaces in handheld computers or document database and WWW indexing by graphical content.