Automatic text processing: the transformation, analysis, and retrieval of information by computer
Automatic text processing: the transformation, analysis, and retrieval of information by computer
Machine learning, neural and statistical classification
Machine learning, neural and statistical classification
Character string recognition on maps, a rotation-invariant recognition method
Pattern Recognition Letters
A Survey of Methods and Strategies in Character Segmentation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Edges: saliency measures and automatic thresholding
Machine Vision and Applications
Perceptual grouping for symbol chain tracking in digitized topographic maps
Pattern Recognition Letters
Statistical Pattern Recognition: A Review
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Content-Based Image Retrieval at the End of the Early Years
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Contour Line and Geographic Feature Extraction from USGS Color Topographical Paper Maps
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Knowledge-Based Segmentation for Automatic Map Interpretation
Selected Papers from the First International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Methods and Applications
Verification-Based Approach for Automated Text and Feature Extraction from Raster-Scanned Maps
Selected Papers from the First International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Methods and Applications
Segmentation of Thematic Maps Using Colour and Spatial Attributes
GREC '97 Selected Papers from the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Algorithms and Systems
Automatic Interpretation of Scanned Topographic Maps: A Raster-Based Approach
GREC '97 Selected Papers from the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Algorithms and Systems
Automatic Interpretation of Scanned Maps: Reconstruction of Contour Lines
GREC '97 Selected Papers from the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Algorithms and Systems
Text/Graphics Separation in Maps
GREC '01 Selected Papers from the Fourth International Workshop on Graphics Recognition Algorithms and Applications
Symbol Recognition: Current Advances and Perspectives
GREC '01 Selected Papers from the Fourth International Workshop on Graphics Recognition Algorithms and Applications
CGI '00 Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Graphics
State of the art on automatic road extraction for GIS update: a novel classification
Pattern Recognition Letters
Automatic data capture for geographic information systems
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews
Segmentation of colour layers in historical maps based on hierarchical colour sampling
GREC'09 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Graphics recognition: achievements, challenges, and evolution
A region-based method for sketch map segmentation
GREC'11 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Graphics Recognition: new trends and challenges
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A multi-step recognition process is developed for extracting compound forest cover information from manually produced scanned historical topographic maps of the 19th century. This information is a unique data source for GIS-based land cover change modeling. Based on salient features in the image the steps to be carried out are character recognition, line detection and structural analysis of forest symbols. Semantic expansion implying the meanings of objects is applied for final forest cover extraction. The procedure resulted in high accuracies of 94% indicating a potential for automatic and robust extraction of forest cover from larger areas.