Induction: processes of inference, learning, and discovery
Induction: processes of inference, learning, and discovery
Adaptation in natural and artificial systems
Adaptation in natural and artificial systems
Fitness inheritance in genetic algorithms
SAC '95 Proceedings of the 1995 ACM symposium on Applied computing
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Introduction to Reinforcement Learning
Introduction to Reinforcement Learning
Zcs: A zeroth level classifier system
Evolutionary Computation
Memory exploitation in learning classifier systems
Evolutionary Computation
Classifier fitness based on accuracy
Evolutionary Computation
A Bigger Learning Classifier Systems Bibliography
IWLCS '00 Revised Papers from the Third International Workshop on Advances in Learning Classifier Systems
Two Views of Classifier Systems
IWLCS '01 Revised Papers from the 4th International Workshop on Advances in Learning Classifier Systems
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A system employed by the authors to acquire novel fighter aircraft manoeuvres from combat simulation is more akin to the traditional LCS model than to more recent systems. Given the difficulties often experienced in LCS research on simple problems, one must ask how a relatively primitive LCS has had consistent success in the complex domain of fighter aircraft manoeuvring. This paper presents the fighter aircraft LCS, in greater detail than in previous publications. Positive results from the system are discussed. The paper then focuses on the primary reasons the fighter aircraft LCS has avoided the difficulties of the traditional LCS. The authors believe the system's success has three primary origins: differences in credit assignment, differences in action encoding, and (possibly most importantly) a difference in system goals. In the fighter aircraft system, the goal has been simply the discovery of innovative, novel tactics, rather than online control. The paper concludes by discussing the most salient features of the fighter aircraft learning system, and how those features may be profitably combined with other LCS developments.