Application of the Karhunen-Loeve Procedure for the Characterization of Human Faces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face Recognition: Features Versus Templates
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Rotation Invariant Neural Network-Based Face Detection
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Deformable templates for face recognition
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Face detection using quantized skin color regions merging andwavelet packet analysis
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
A highly efficient system for automatic face region detection in MPEG video
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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In this paper, we consider the problem of detecting the faces without constrained input conditions such as backgrounds, luminance and different image quality. We have developed an efficient and automatic faces detection algorithm in color images. Both the skin-tone model and elliptical shape of faces are used to reduce the influence of environments. A pre-built skin color model is based on 2D Gaussian distribution and sample faces for the skin-tone model. Our face detection algorithm consists of three stages: skin-tone segmentation, candidate region extraction and face region decision. First, we scan entire input images to extract facial color-range pixels by pre-built skintone model from YCbCr color space. Second, we extract candidate face regions by using elliptical feature characteristic of the face. We apply the best-fit ellipse algorithm for each skin-tone region and extract candidate regions by applying required ellipse parameters. Finally, we use the neural network on each candidate region in order to decide real face regions. The proposed algorithm utilizes the momentum backpropagation model to train it for 20*20 pixel patterns.The performance of the proposed algorithm can be shown by examples. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm efficiently detects the faces without constrained input conditions in color images.