A virtual environment and model of the eye for surgical simulation
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Modeling of the Human Orbit from MR Images
MICCAI '02 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention-Part II
Real-time deformable models for surgery simulation: a survey
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
An efficient and scalable deformable model for virtual reality-based medical applications
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
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In this paper, we describe a parametric eyeball modeling system for real-time simulation of eye surgery. A knowledge-based approach is used to parametrically model the ophthalmologic structures. Together with the parametric eye modeling and the integration of patient-specific disease images, the ophthalmologic knowledge databases of eye diseases, eye material properties, and eye surgical instruments and procedures can help to provide better maneuverability and more realistic scenanos for eye surgical simulation. A customized Finite Element Method (FEM) is developed to analyze the deformation of the eyeball and the interactions between the bio-structures and the instruments in the surgery simulation. A phantom haptic and force feedback virtual environment is used for real-time interactive ophthalmologic surgical simulation.