Safe kernel extensions without run-time checking
OSDI '96 Proceedings of the second USENIX symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
Manufacturing cheap, resilient, and stealthy opaque constructs
POPL '98 Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages
Software watermarking: models and dynamic embeddings
Proceedings of the 26th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages
From system F to typed assembly language
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Tamper Resistant Software: An Implementation
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Information Hiding
Protection of Software-Based Survivability Mechanisms
DSN '01 Proceedings of the 2001 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (formerly: FTCS)
An Approach to the Obfuscation of Control-Flow of Sequential Computer Programs
ISC '01 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Information Security
Protecting Mobile Agents Against Malicious Hosts
Mobile Agents and Security
Breaking Abstractions and Unstructuring Data Structures
ICCL '98 Proceedings of the 1998 International Conference on Computer Languages
Software Tamper Resistance: Obstructing Static Analysis of Programs
Software Tamper Resistance: Obstructing Static Analysis of Programs
Compiling with proofs
Tamper resistant software: extending trust into a hostile environment
MM&Sec '01 Proceedings of the 2001 workshop on Multimedia and security: new challenges
Oblivious Hashing: A Stealthy Software Integrity Verification Primitive
IH '02 Revised Papers from the 5th International Workshop on Information Hiding
Hiding program slices for software security
Proceedings of the international symposium on Code generation and optimization: feedback-directed and runtime optimization
Sandmark--A Tool for Software Protection Research
IEEE Security and Privacy
Flexible Software Protection Using Hardware/Software Codesign Techniques
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe - Volume 1
Taking a Lesson from Stealthy Rootkits
IEEE Security and Privacy
Software piracy prevention through diversity
Proceedings of the 4th ACM workshop on Digital rights management
Secure Embedded Processing through Hardware-Assisted Run-Time Monitoring
Proceedings of the conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe - Volume 1
SAFE-OPS: An approach to embedded software security
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
Soft Tamper-Proofing via Program Integrity Verification in Wireless Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Hardware-Assisted Circumvention of Self-Hashing Software Tamper Resistance
IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
Towards a software architecture for DRM
Proceedings of the 5th ACM workshop on Digital rights management
Hybrid static-dynamic attacks against software protection mechanisms
Proceedings of the 5th ACM workshop on Digital rights management
IBM Systems Journal
Proteus: virtualization for diversified tamper-resistance
Proceedings of the ACM workshop on Digital rights management
Key evolution-based tamper resistance: a subgroup extension
ASIACCS '07 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM symposium on Information, computer and communications security
Dynamic graph-based software fingerprinting
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Proceedings of the 9th workshop on Multimedia & security
Mechanism for software tamper resistance: an application of white-box cryptography
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM workshop on Digital Rights Management
Enhanced Security by OS-Oriented Encapsulation in TPM-Enabled DRM
Information Security and Cryptology
The Long-Short-Key Primitive and Its Applications to Key Security
IWSEC '08 Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Security: Advances in Information and Computer Security
A compiler-hardware approach to software protection for embedded systems
Computers and Electrical Engineering
Hardware-assisted run-time monitoring for secure program execution on embedded processors
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Tamper-Tolerant Software: Modeling and Implementation
IWSEC '09 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Security: Advances in Information and Computer Security
Delayed and controlled failures in tamper-resistant software
IH'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Information hiding
Run-time randomization to mitigate tampering
IWSEC'07 Proceedings of the Security 2nd international conference on Advances in information and computer security
Towards tamper resistant code encryption: practice and experience
ISPEC'08 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Information security practice and experience
Live forensics framework for wireless sensor nodes using sandboxing
Proceedings of the 6th ACM workshop on QoS and security for wireless and mobile networks
A secure and robust approach to software tamper resistance
IH'10 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Information hiding
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Self destructive tamper response for software protection
Proceedings of the 6th ACM Symposium on Information, Computer and Communications Security
Traitor tracing schemes for protected software implementations
Proceedings of the 11th annual ACM workshop on Digital rights management
An attack on SMC-based software protection
ICICS'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Information and Communications Security
Remote software-based attestation for wireless sensors
ESAS'05 Proceedings of the Second European conference on Security and Privacy in Ad-Hoc and Sensor Networks
On building a lightweight security architecture for sensor networks
EUC'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Emerging Directions in Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing
Indexing information for data forensics
ACNS'05 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security
Software tamper resistance through dynamic program monitoring
DRMTICS'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Digital Rights Management: technologies, Issues, Challenges and Systems
A flexible and open DRM framework
CMS'06 Proceedings of the 10th IFIP TC-6 TC-11 international conference on Communications and Multimedia Security
Software-Based copy protection for temporal media during dissemination and playback
ICISC'05 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Information Security and Cryptology
Software protection for dynamically-generated code
PPREW '13 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGPLAN Program Protection and Reverse Engineering Workshop
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We describe a software self-checking mechanism designed to improve the tamper resistance of large programs. The mechanism consists of a number of testers that redundantly test for changes in the executable code as it is running and report modifications. The mechanism is built to be compatible with copy-specific static watermarking and other tamper-resistance techniques. The mechanism includes several innovations to make it stealthy and more robust.