Warming up to computers: A study of cognitive and affective interaction over time

  • Authors:
  • David M. Gilfoil

  • Affiliations:
  • -

  • Venue:
  • CHI '82 Proceedings of the 1982 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
  • Year:
  • 1982

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Abstract

This experiment studies how people learn to use computers. Four computer-naive persons performed six computer tasks at each of 20 task sessions over a one month period. Participants were allowed to choose a menu-driven or command-driven dialogue at any point during the study. Cognitive, affective, and performance variables were closely monitored. Results generally support the appropriateness of a menu-driven dialogue for novice users and the transition to a command-driven dialogue after approximately 16 - 20 hours of task experience. With experience, users were shown to a) choose b) perform better, and c) be more satisfied with a command driven dialogue. Results are explained within the context of a “cognitive schema” theory.