Random number generators: good ones are hard to find
Communications of the ACM
Bus-invert coding for low-power I/O
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Smart Card Handbook
Examining Smart-Card Security under the Threat of Power Analysis Attacks
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Power Attack Resistant Cryptosystem Design: A Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Switching Approach
Proceedings of the conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe - Volume 3
Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Network on Chip Architectures
Power Analysis Attack Resistance Engineering by Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
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Crypto-processors are prone to security attacks based on the observation of their power consumption profile. We propose new techniques for increasing the non-determinism of such profile, which rely on the idea of introducing randomness in the bus data transfers. This is achieved by combining data scrambling with energy-efficient bus encoding, thus providing high information protection at no energy cost.Results on a set of bus traces originated by real-life applications demonstrate the applicability of the proposed solution.