Zooming versus multiple window interfaces: Cognitive costs of visual comparisons
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Drilling into complex 3D models with gimlenses
Proceedings of the 19th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
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Frame-of-reference interaction consists of a unifiedset of 3D interaction techniques for exploratorynavigation of large virtual spaces in non-immersiveenvironments. It is based on a conceptual frameworkthat considers navigation from a cognitive perspectiveas a way of facilitating changes in user attention fromone reference frame to another-rather than from themechanical perspective of moving a camera betweendifferent points of interest. All of our techniques linkmultiple frames of reference in some meaningful way.Some techniques link multiple windows within a zoomingenvironment while others allow seamless changes of userfocus between static objects, moving objects, and groupsof moving objects. We present our techniques as theyare implemented in GeoZui3D, a geographicvisualization system for ocean data.