More efficient bottom-up multi-pattern matching in trees
CAAP '90 Selected papers of the conference on Fifteenth colloquium on trees in algebra and programming
Equivalence of datalog queries is undecidable
Journal of Logic Programming
Ordered and Unordered Tree Inclusion
SIAM Journal on Computing
Efficient preprocessing of simple binary pattern forests
Journal of Algorithms
Query containment for conjunctive queries with regular expressions
PODS '98 Proceedings of the seventeenth ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems
Tree pattern matching and subset matching in deterministic O(n log3 n)-time
Proceedings of the tenth annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on World Wide Web
Minimization of tree pattern queries
SIGMOD '01 Proceedings of the 2001 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Mesh-based content routing using XML
SOSP '01 Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
A formal semantics of patterns in XSLT and XPath
Markup Languages
Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness
Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness
View-Based Query Answering and Query Containment over Semistructured Data
DBPL '01 Revised Papers from the 8th International Workshop on Database Programming Languages
XPath Containment in the Presence of Disjunction, DTDs, and Variables
ICDT '03 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Database Theory
The complexity of XPath query evaluation
Proceedings of the twenty-second ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems
Optimal implementation of conjunctive queries in relational data bases
STOC '77 Proceedings of the ninth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Word problems requiring exponential time(Preliminary Report)
STOC '73 Proceedings of the fifth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Efficient algorithms for processing XPath queries
VLDB '02 Proceedings of the 28th international conference on Very Large Data Bases
Monadic datalog and the expressive power of languages for Web information extraction
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
ACM SIGMOD Record
XPath satisfiability in the presence of DTDs
Proceedings of the twenty-fourth ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems
Rewriting XPath queries using materialized views
VLDB '05 Proceedings of the 31st international conference on Very large data bases
Applying hierarchical and role-based access control to XML documents
SWS '04 Proceedings of the 2004 workshop on Secure web service
Doxpects: aspects supporting XML transformation interfaces
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Aspect-oriented software development
Representing and querying XML with incomplete information
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
Structural characterizations of the semantics of XPath as navigation tool on a document
Proceedings of the twenty-fifth ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems
Twig2Stack: bottom-up processing of generalized-tree-pattern queries over XML documents
VLDB '06 Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on Very large data bases
Maintaining XPath views in loosely coupled systems
VLDB '06 Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on Very large data bases
Comparing XML path expressions
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Document engineering
Filtering XML documents using XPath expressions and aspect-oriented programming
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Document engineering
Customizable detection of changes for XML documents using XPath expressions
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Document engineering
XML access control using static analysis
ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC)
A system for the static analysis of XPath
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Journal of Computer and System Sciences
Frontiers of tractability for typechecking simple XML transformations
Journal of Computer and System Sciences
Incremental adaptation of XPath access control views
ASIACCS '07 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM symposium on Information, computer and communications security
Efficient static analysis of XML paths and types
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGPLAN conference on Programming language design and implementation
On deciding well-definedness for query languages on trees
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
The dynamic predicate: integrating access control with query processing in XML databases
The VLDB Journal — The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases
Deciding XPath containment with MSO
Data & Knowledge Engineering
SPEX: Streamed and Progressive Evaluation of XPath
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
On the minimization of XPath queries
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
XPath satisfiability in the presence of DTDs
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Revisiting redundancy and minimization in an XPath fragment
EDBT '08 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Extending database technology: Advances in database technology
Data & Knowledge Engineering
Data flow testing of service-oriented workflow applications
Proceedings of the 30th international conference on Software engineering
HCH for checking containment of XPath fragment
Journal of Computer Science and Technology
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Minimization of tree pattern queries with constraints
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Integrating and querying distributed XML data via XLink
Information Systems
Structural summaries for efficient XML query processing
Ph.D. '08 Proceedings of the 2008 EDBT Ph.D. workshop
Commutativity analysis for XML updates
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
Optimizing Conjunctive Queries over Trees Using Schema Information
MFCS '08 Proceedings of the 33rd international symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science
Contained Rewritings of XPath Queries Using Views Revisited
WISE '08 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Web Information Systems Engineering
Transforming Tree Patterns with DTDs for Query Containment Test
DEXA '08 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications
Updates and views dependencies in semi-structured databases
IDEAS '08 Proceedings of the 2008 international symposium on Database engineering & applications
Semantics in Data and Knowledge Bases
Proceedings of the ACM/IFIP/USENIX 2005 International Conference on Middleware
On rewriting XPath queries using views
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Extending Database Technology: Advances in Database Technology
Expressive, yet tractable XML keys
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Extending Database Technology: Advances in Database Technology
Efficient maintenance techniques for views over active documents
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Extending Database Technology: Advances in Database Technology
Retrieving XML data from heterogeneous sources through vague querying
ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT)
Information disclosure by answers to XPath queries
Journal of Computer Security - Selected papers from the Third and Fourth Secure Data Management (SDM) workshops
Test case prioritization for regression testing of service-oriented business applications
Proceedings of the 18th international conference on World wide web
Deciding equivalence of top--down XML transformations in polynomial time
Journal of Computer and System Sciences
Containment between Unions of XPath Queries
DASFAA '09 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Database Systems for Advanced Applications
Finding Irredundant Contained Rewritings of Tree Pattern Queries Using Views
APWeb/WAIM '09 Proceedings of the Joint International Conferences on Advances in Data and Web Management
The Halting Problem and Undecidability of Document Generation under Access Control for Tree Updates
LATA '09 Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Language and Automata Theory and Applications
Efficient reasoning about a robust XML key fragment
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
Reasoning about XML update constraints
Journal of Computer and System Sciences
Satisfiability and relevance for queries over active documents
Proceedings of the twenty-eighth ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems
The complexity of query containment in expressive fragments of XPath 2.0
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Analysis of imperative XML programs
Information Systems
A Study of a Positive Fragment of Path Queries: Expressiveness, Normal Form, and Minimization
BNCOD 26 Proceedings of the 26th British National Conference on Databases: Dataspace: The Final Frontier
Data flow testing of service choreography
Proceedings of the the 7th joint meeting of the European software engineering conference and the ACM SIGSOFT symposium on The foundations of software engineering
Rewriting XPath Expressions Depending on Path Summary
ADMA '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications
A Tractable Subclass of DTDs for XPath Satisfiability with Sibling Axes
DBPL '09 Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Database Programming Languages
Query Rewriting Rules for Versioned XML Documents
DEXA '09 Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications
Controlling Access to XML Documents over XML Native and Relational Databases
SDM '09 Proceedings of the 6th VLDB Workshop on Secure Data Management
Minimal common container of tree patterns
Proceedings of the 18th ACM conference on Information and knowledge management
A new algorithm for tree mapping in XML databases
IMSA '07 Proceedings of the Eleventh IASTED International Conference on Internet and Multimedia Systems and Applications
Efficient rewriting of XPath queries using Query Set Specifications
Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
Numerical constraints on XML data
Information and Computation
Homomorphism resolving of XPath trees based on automata
APWeb/WAIM'07 Proceedings of the joint 9th Asia-Pacific web and 8th international conference on web-age information management conference on Advances in data and web management
WoLLIC'07 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Logic, language, information and computation
BNCOD'07 Proceedings of the 24th British national conference on Databases
Incremental validation of string-based XML data in databases, file systems, and streams
ADBIS'07 Proceedings of the 11th East European conference on Advances in databases and information systems
Conjunctive query containment over trees
DBPL'07 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Database programming languages
Analysis of imperative XML programs
DBPL'07 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Database programming languages
An efficient index lattice for XML query evaluation
DASFAA'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Database systems for advanced applications
Earliest query answering for deterministic nested word automata
FCT'09 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Fundamentals of computation theory
A decision procedure for XPath satisfiability in the presence of DTD containing choice
APWeb'08 Proceedings of the 10th Asia-Pacific web conference on Progress in WWW research and development
Bag equivalence of XPath queries
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Database Theory
Providing resilient XPaths for external adaptation engines
Proceedings of the 21st ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
On the expressiveness of generalization rules for XPath query relaxation
Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Database Engineering & Applications Symposium
Generating efficient execution plans for vertically partitioned XML databases
Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
DaWaK'10 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Data warehousing and knowledge discovery
A schemaguide for accelerating the view adaptation process
ER'10 Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Conceptual modeling
Querying XML data sources that export very large sets of views
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
Information and Computation
Answering tree pattern queries using views: a revisit
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Extending Database Technology
Conjunctive query containment over trees
Journal of Computer and System Sciences
Complexity of Decision Problems for XML Schemas and Chain Regular Expressions
SIAM Journal on Computing
Value joins are expensive over (probabilistic) XML
Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Logic in Databases
On maximal contained rewriting of tree pattern queries using views
WISE'10 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Web information systems engineering
On the complexity of tree pattern containment with arithmetic comparisons
Information Processing Letters
Evaluating contained rewritings for XPath queries on materialized views
DASFAA'11 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Database systems for advanced applications - Volume Part I
On equivalence and rewriting of XPath queries using views under DTD constraints
DEXA'11 Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Database and expert systems applications - Volume Part II
Detecting and resolving conflicts between adaptation aspects in multi-staged XML transformations
Proceedings of the 11th ACM symposium on Document engineering
Scaling XML query processing: distribution, localization and pruning
Distributed and Parallel Databases
Bag equivalence of tree patterns
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
A precious class of cardinality constraints for flexible XML data processing
ER'11 Proceedings of the 30th international conference on Conceptual modeling
Union rewritings for XPath fragments
Proceedings of the 15th Symposium on International Database Engineering & Applications
ICDT'07 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Database Theory
Combining temporal logics for querying XML documents
ICDT'07 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Database Theory
Commutativity analysis in XML update languages
ICDT'07 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Database Theory
An efficient co-operative framework for multi-query processing over compressed XML data
DASFAA'06 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Database Systems for Advanced Applications
Hidden conditioned homomorphism for XPath fragment containment
DASFAA'06 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Database Systems for Advanced Applications
Satisfiability of XPath queries with sibling axes
DBPL'05 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Database Programming Languages
Detecting privacy violations in sensitive XML databases
SDM'05 Proceedings of the Second VDLB international conference on Secure Data Management
Authorization-Transparent access control for XML under the non-truman model
EDBT'06 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Advances in Database Technology
EDBT'06 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Advances in Database Technology
Information disclosure by XPath queries
SDM'06 Proceedings of the Third VLDB international conference on Secure Data Management
Querying along XLinks in XPath/XQuery: situation, applications, perspectives
EDBT'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Current Trends in Database Technology
Learning n-ary node selecting tree transducers from completely annotated examples
ICGI'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Grammatical Inference: algorithms and applications
Middleware'05 Proceedings of the ACM/IFIP/USENIX 6th international conference on Middleware
Materialized view selection for XQuery workloads
SIGMOD '12 Proceedings of the 2012 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data
Deciding twig-definability of node selecting tree automata
Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Database Theory
Learning twig and path queries
Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Database Theory
Revisiting answering tree pattern queries using views
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
Answering queries using views over probabilistic XML: complexity and tractability
Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
Between tree patterns and conjunctive queries: is there tractability beyond acyclicity?
MFCS'12 Proceedings of the 37th international conference on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science
Foundations of rule-based query answering
RW'07 Proceedings of the Third international summer school conference on Reasoning Web
XPath query satisfiability is in PTIME for real-world DTDs
XSym'07 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Database and XML Technologies
Vague queries on peer-to-peer XML databases
DEXA'07 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications
Containment and satisfiability problem for XPath with recursion
ADBIS'12 Proceedings of the 16th East European conference on Advances in Databases and Information Systems
XPath fragments on XML in columns
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services
Containment of pattern-based queries over data trees
Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Database Theory
Reasoning about pattern-based XML queries
RR'13 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Web Reasoning and Rule Systems
Efficiency frontiers of XML cardinality constraints
Data & Knowledge Engineering
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XPath is a language for navigating an XML document and selecting a set of element nodes. XPath expressions are used to query XML data, describe key constraints, express transformations, and reference elements in remote documents. This article studies the containment and equivalence problems for a fragment of the XPath query language, with applications in all these contexts.In particular, we study a class of XPath queries that contain branching, label wildcards and can express descendant relationships between nodes. Prior work has shown that languages that combine any two of these three features have efficient containment algorithms. However, we show that for the combination of features, containment is coNP-complete. We provide a sound and complete algorithm for containment that runs in exponential time, and study parameterized PTIME special cases. While we identify one parameterized class of queries for which containment can be decided efficiently, we also show that even with some bounded parameters, containment remains coNP-complete. In response to these negative results, we describe a sound algorithm that is efficient for all queries, but may return false negatives in some cases.