Concurrency control in groupware systems
SIGMOD '89 Proceedings of the 1989 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
MMM: a user interface architecture for shared editors on a single screen
UIST '91 Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Portholes: supporting awareness in a distributed work group
CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The user-centered iterative design of collaborative writing software
INTERCHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERCHI '93 conference on Human factors in computing systems
A framework for shared applications with a replicated architecture
UIST '93 Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Groupware and social dynamics: eight challenges for developers
Communications of the ACM
A selective undo mechanism for graphical user interfaces based on command objects
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
A framework for undoing actions in collaborative systems
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
TeamRooms: network places for collaboration
CSCW '96 Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Awareness through fisheye views in relaxed-WYSIWIS groupware
GI '96 Proceedings of the conference on Graphics interface '96
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Operational transformation in real-time group editors: issues, algorithms, and achievements
CSCW '98 Proceedings of the 1998 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Reducing the problems of group undo
GROUP '99 Proceedings of the international ACM SIGGROUP conference on Supporting group work
Undo any operation at any time in group editors
CSCW '00 Proceedings of the 2000 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system
Communications of the ACM
Undoing any operation in collaborative graphics editing systems
GROUP '01 Proceedings of the 2001 International ACM SIGGROUP Conference on Supporting Group Work
Undo as concurrent inverse in group editors
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Collaborative Highlighting for Real-Time Group Editors
IICS '02 Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Innovative Internet Computing Systems
A general multi-user undo/redo model
ECSCW'95 Proceedings of the fourth conference on European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
Reconciliation of compound actions in internet-based distributed collaborative systems
International Journal of High Performance Computing and Networking
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Highlighting is a common tool in most single-user editors. It provides users with a mechanism of communication and collaboration between the author and readers by emphasizing some important text. This tool is also necessary and even more valuable in multi-user collaborative editors. However, it is non-trivial to extend it from single-user environment to multi-user environment because of the following challenges: (1) the need to differentiate highlights performed by different users, (2) the need to tackle inconsistency problems caused by concurrent operations and non-deterministic communication latency, and (3) the need to provide a flexible undo facility with the capability of undoing any highlighting operation at any time. In this paper, we will systematically address these issues and offer our solutions. These solutions lay a foundation for handling update operations similar in nature to highlighting, which update attributes of text instead of inserting/deleting text.