Analysis of wireless sensor networks for habitat monitoring

  • Authors:

  • Joseph Polastre;Robert Szewczyk;Alan Mainwaring;David Culler;John Anderson

  • Affiliations:

  • University of California at Berkeley, Computer Science Department, Berkeley, CA;University of California at Berkeley, Computer Science Department, Berkeley, CA;Intel Research Lab, Berkeley, 2150 Shattuck Ave. Suite 1300, Berkeley, CA;University of California at Berkeley, Computer Science Department, Berkeley, CA and Intel Research Lab, Berkeley, 2150 Shattuck Ave. Suite 1300, Berkeley, CA;College of the Atlantic, 105 Eden Street, Bar Harbor, ME

  • Venue:
  • Wireless sensor networks
  • Year:
  • 2004

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Abstract

We provide an in-depth study of applying wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to real-world habitat monitoring. A set of system design requirements were developed that cover the hardware design of the nodes, the sensor network software, protective enclosures, and system architecture to meet the requirements of biologists. In the summer of 2002, 43 nodes were deployed on a small island off the coast of Maine streaming useful live data onto the web. Although researchers anticipate some challenges arising in real-world deployments of WSNs, many problems can only be discovered through experience. We present a set of experiences from a four month long deployment on a remote island. We analyze the environmental and node health data to evaluate system performance. The close integration of WSNs with their environment provides environmental data at densities previously impossible. We show that the sensor data is also useful for predicting system operation and network failures. Based on over one million data readings, we analyze the node and network design and develop network reliability profiles and failure models.