Introduction to data compression (2nd ed.)
Introduction to data compression (2nd ed.)
Distortion-Free Data Embedding for Images
IHW '01 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Information Hiding
A digital watermark for vector-based fonts
MM&Sec '06 Proceedings of the 8th workshop on Multimedia and security
An extended difference expansion algorithm for reversible watermarking
Image and Vision Computing
Development of digital watermarking technology to protect cadastral map information
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Interaction Sciences: Information Technology, Culture and Human
Rights protection of trajectory datasets with nearest-neighbor preservation
The VLDB Journal — The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases
Reversible fragile watermarking for 2-D vector map authentication with localization
Computer-Aided Design
Evaluation of spatial relations in watermarked geospatial data
Proceedings of the Third ACM SIGSPATIAL International Workshop on GeoStreaming
A recursive embedding algorithm towards lossless 2D vector map watermarking
Digital Signal Processing
Reversible fragile watermarking for locating tampered blocks in 2D vector maps
Multimedia Tools and Applications
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This paper presents a reversible watermarking scheme for the 2D-vector data (point coordinates) which are popularly used in geographical information related applications. This reversible watermarking scheme exploits the high correlation among points in the same polygon in a map and achieves the reversibility of the whole scheme by an 8-point integer DCT, which ensures that the original 2D-vector data can be watermarked during the watermark embedding process and then perfectly restored during the watermark extraction process, with the watermark accurately extracted at the same time.In our scheme, we use an efficient highest frequency coefficient modification technique in the integer DCT domain to modulate the watermark bit "0" or "1", which can be determined during extraction without any additional information to indicate.To alleviate the visual distortion in the watermarked map caused by the coefficient modification, we propose an improved reversible watermarking scheme based on the original coefficient modification technique. Combined with this improved scheme, the embedding capacity can be greatly increased while the watermarking distortion is otherwise deduced compared to the original coefficient modification scheme.To control the distortion between the watermarked 2D-vector data and its original version, we design an error estimation method to prevent those data which are able to cause large distortions in the coefficient modification process from being watermarked. This distortion limitation scheme can fine adjust the watermarking distortion and capacity for the proposed coefficient modification based reversible watermarking scheme according to different practical requirements.